Volumen 121 | Número 01http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1403952024-03-19T12:44:18Z2024-03-19T12:44:18ZExpansión del riego: tipo de suelo, pendiente y calidad de agua en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos AiresAngelini, Hernán PabloCosta, José LuisAparicio, Virginia Carolinahttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404182022-08-11T20:02:38Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Expansion of irrigation, soil type, slope and water quality in the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar el área agrícola bajo riego complementario en el Sudeste Bonaerense (SB) en cuanto al incremento del área ocupada, tipo de suelo, pendiente y calidad de agua. Mediante un proceso de digitalización visual sobre imágenes satelitales se identificaron áreas de riego con pivote central en seis partidos del sudeste bonaerense para el período 2017-2019. De la superficie total, 82.659 ha, Lobería y Balcarce registran el 60% y, junto con Tandil, registran el área de mayor expansión. El 94% de los círculos es menor a 100 ha. Las series de suelos “Mar del Plata” y “Tandil”, del tipo Argiudol típico, son las de mayor presencia del área estudiada, con 34,7% y 17,2% respectivamente. El 12,6% del área presenta algún sector con pendientes mayores a 5%. En relación con la aptitud agrícola del agua de riego, se observó una tendencia de aumento en los valores de Conductividad Eléctrica (CE) y Relación de Adsorción de Sodio (RAS) a medida que se aproximan a la costa del mar. El 18% del área se encuentra en zonas identificadas con alta CE (>1,3) y un 15% del área en zonas altas de RAS (>a 13). La expansión del riego con aguas con baja aptitud para la producción agropecuaria y en zonas con pendiente puede afectar la estructura del suelo, reducir la infiltración y acentuar los procesos de erosión hídrica.; The objective of this work is to characterize the agricultural area under complementary irrigation in the Southeast of Buenos Aires (SB) in terms of the increase of the occupied area, type of soil, slope and water quality. Through a process of visual digitization on satellite images, the irrigation circles with a central pivot were identified in six districts of the southeast of Buenos Aires for the period 2017-2019. Of the total area, 82,659 ha, Lobería and Balcarce register 60% and together with Tandil they register the area of greatest expansion. 94% of the circles is less than 100 ha. The “Mar del Plata” and “Tandil” series of soils, Typic argiudoll are the ones with the highest presence, with 34.7% and 17.2% respectively of the identified area. 12.6% of the area has a sector with slopes greater than 5%. In relation to the agricultural suitability of irrigation water, an increasing trend was observed in the values of Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) as they approach the coast. 18% of the area is in areas identified with high EC (>1.3) and 15% of the area in high areas of RAS (>to 13). The expansion of irrigation with waters with low agricultural aptitude and in sloping areas can affect the structure of the soil, reduce infiltration and accentuate water erosion processes.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZEl objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar el área agrícola bajo riego complementario en el Sudeste Bonaerense (SB) en cuanto al incremento del área ocupada, tipo de suelo, pendiente y calidad de agua. Mediante un proceso de digitalización visual sobre imágenes satelitales se identificaron áreas de riego con pivote central en seis partidos del sudeste bonaerense para el período 2017-2019. De la superficie total, 82.659 ha, Lobería y Balcarce registran el 60% y, junto con Tandil, registran el área de mayor expansión. El 94% de los círculos es menor a 100 ha. Las series de suelos “Mar del Plata” y “Tandil”, del tipo Argiudol típico, son las de mayor presencia del área estudiada, con 34,7% y 17,2% respectivamente. El 12,6% del área presenta algún sector con pendientes mayores a 5%. En relación con la aptitud agrícola del agua de riego, se observó una tendencia de aumento en los valores de Conductividad Eléctrica (CE) y Relación de Adsorción de Sodio (RAS) a medida que se aproximan a la costa del mar. El 18% del área se encuentra en zonas identificadas con alta CE (>1,3) y un 15% del área en zonas altas de RAS (>a 13). La expansión del riego con aguas con baja aptitud para la producción agropecuaria y en zonas con pendiente puede afectar la estructura del suelo, reducir la infiltración y acentuar los procesos de erosión hídrica.
The objective of this work is to characterize the agricultural area under complementary irrigation in the Southeast of Buenos Aires (SB) in terms of the increase of the occupied area, type of soil, slope and water quality. Through a process of visual digitization on satellite images, the irrigation circles with a central pivot were identified in six districts of the southeast of Buenos Aires for the period 2017-2019. Of the total area, 82,659 ha, Lobería and Balcarce register 60% and together with Tandil they register the area of greatest expansion. 94% of the circles is less than 100 ha. The “Mar del Plata” and “Tandil” series of soils, Typic argiudoll are the ones with the highest presence, with 34.7% and 17.2% respectively of the identified area. 12.6% of the area has a sector with slopes greater than 5%. In relation to the agricultural suitability of irrigation water, an increasing trend was observed in the values of Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) as they approach the coast. 18% of the area is in areas identified with high EC (>1.3) and 15% of the area in high areas of RAS (>to 13). The expansion of irrigation with waters with low agricultural aptitude and in sloping areas can affect the structure of the soil, reduce infiltration and accentuate water erosion processes.Avaliação da substituição da batata-doce ao milho na alimentação de galinhas poedeiras em sistema orgânico de produçãoFogaça, GiovanaFerreira Camargo, Eliezerda Silva Araújo, Ednaldohttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404152022-08-11T20:02:40Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Evaluation of the replacement of corn with sweet potato in the feeding of laying hens in an organic production system
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
O artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar a resposta produtiva de aves quando alimentadas com farelo de batata-doce em substituição ao farelo de milho. O experimento ocorreu a campo em duas propriedades rurais com certificação orgânica na região de Londrina-PR. Foram utilizados 48 aves de postura da raça rubro mista. Foram avaliadas quanto a parâmetros produtivos, padrões de qualidade externa e interna de ovos durante 4 ciclos de 21 dias. Para os parâmetros produtivos como a taxa de postura, conversão alimentar e massa de ovos, houve diferença estatística (p<0,05) com resultado superior para o farelo de milho. Para as variáveis de qualidade externa de ovos, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos. Para o parâmetro peso de casca encontrou-se diferença estatística com resultado superior para o tratamento com farelo de milho. Para a análise de qualidade interna de ovos encontrou-se diferença significativa para o farelo de milho para as variáveis altura, peso e diâmetro de gema. Para altura de albúmen, coloração de gema, unidade Haugh, porcentagem de gema, porcentagem de albúmen, índice de gema, pH de gema e albúmen, não foram encontradas significâncias estatísticas. Ao não diferir do tratamento com milho, os parâmetros foram satisfatórios para produção de ovos com o farelo de batata-doce.; The article aims to evaluate the productive response of birds when fed with sweet potato meal as a substitute for corn meal. The experiment took place in the field in two rural properties with organic certification in the region of Londrina-PR. Forty-eight red mixed breed laying birds were used. They were evaluated for production parameters, external and internal egg quality standards during 4 cycles of 21 days. For the productive parameters such as laying rate, feed conversion and egg mass, there was a statistical difference (p<0.05) with a superior result for corn bran. For external egg quality variables, no statistical differences were found (p<0.05) between treatments. For the parameter husk weight, a statistical difference was found with a superior result for the treatment with corn bran. For the analysis of internal egg quality, a significant difference was found for corn bran for the variables height, weight and yolk diameter. For albumen height, yolk color, Haugh unit, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, yolk index, yolk and albumen pH, no statistical significance was found. As they did not differ from the corn treatment, the parameters were satisfactory for egg production with sweet potato bran.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZO artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar a resposta produtiva de aves quando alimentadas com farelo de batata-doce em substituição ao farelo de milho. O experimento ocorreu a campo em duas propriedades rurais com certificação orgânica na região de Londrina-PR. Foram utilizados 48 aves de postura da raça rubro mista. Foram avaliadas quanto a parâmetros produtivos, padrões de qualidade externa e interna de ovos durante 4 ciclos de 21 dias. Para os parâmetros produtivos como a taxa de postura, conversão alimentar e massa de ovos, houve diferença estatística (p<0,05) com resultado superior para o farelo de milho. Para as variáveis de qualidade externa de ovos, não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos. Para o parâmetro peso de casca encontrou-se diferença estatística com resultado superior para o tratamento com farelo de milho. Para a análise de qualidade interna de ovos encontrou-se diferença significativa para o farelo de milho para as variáveis altura, peso e diâmetro de gema. Para altura de albúmen, coloração de gema, unidade Haugh, porcentagem de gema, porcentagem de albúmen, índice de gema, pH de gema e albúmen, não foram encontradas significâncias estatísticas. Ao não diferir do tratamento com milho, os parâmetros foram satisfatórios para produção de ovos com o farelo de batata-doce.
The article aims to evaluate the productive response of birds when fed with sweet potato meal as a substitute for corn meal. The experiment took place in the field in two rural properties with organic certification in the region of Londrina-PR. Forty-eight red mixed breed laying birds were used. They were evaluated for production parameters, external and internal egg quality standards during 4 cycles of 21 days. For the productive parameters such as laying rate, feed conversion and egg mass, there was a statistical difference (p<0.05) with a superior result for corn bran. For external egg quality variables, no statistical differences were found (p<0.05) between treatments. For the parameter husk weight, a statistical difference was found with a superior result for the treatment with corn bran. For the analysis of internal egg quality, a significant difference was found for corn bran for the variables height, weight and yolk diameter. For albumen height, yolk color, Haugh unit, yolk percentage, albumen percentage, yolk index, yolk and albumen pH, no statistical significance was found. As they did not differ from the corn treatment, the parameters were satisfactory for egg production with sweet potato bran.Incorporación del enfoque agroecológico en sistemas productivos de La Plata y territorios de cercaníaCieza, Ramón IsidroSeibane, Cecilia InésMay, María PaulaFerraris, GuillerminaMendicino, LorenaLarrañaga, Gustavo Fabiánhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404142022-08-11T20:02:41Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Incorporation of the agroecological approach in productive systems of La Plata and neighboring territories
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
En la última década el enfoque agroecológico ha tomado relevancia en la agenda de los organismos públicos de generación y transferencia de tecnología agropecuaria, en respuesta a los reclamos de la sociedad sobre los efectos del modelo agroindustrial hegemónico sobre el ambiente y la salud de las personas. Sin embargo, no se conoce en qué medida este enfoque ha sido adoptado por los productores. Este trabajo busca conocer cómo la agroecología se ha difundido en los sistemas productivos cercanos a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa en base a entrevistas a informantes clave. Identificamos dos territorios, uno de carácter intensivo con predominio de la producción hortícola y otro extensivo basado en la producción ganadera. En las zonas donde predomina la producción hortícola se observó un crecimiento sostenido de la agroecología en los últimos cinco años, influenciado sobre todo por organizaciones de productores que la promueven e instituciones comprometidas con la temática. En estos casos, pese a la diferencia de visiones en las organizaciones de productores, encontramos procesos de conversión a la agroecología comunes en cuanto a motivaciones para el cambio de modelo, prácticas aplicadas, dificultades en el proceso y comercialización por canales diferenciados. Con respecto a los territorios de producción extensiva identificamos un desarrollo menor de la agroecología, circunscripto a unas pocas experiencias, con grandes diferencias entre ellas en cuanto a la pertenencia a organizaciones, objetivos y desarrollo de la propuesta agroecológica.; Over the last decade, the agro-ecological approach has become relevant on the agenda of public agencies for the generation and transfer of agricultural technology, in response to the claims of society about the effects of the hegemonic agro-industrial model on the environment and public health. However, it is not known to what extent this approach has been adopted by producers. The aim of this study is to find out how agroecology has spread in the production systems of a territory near the National University of La Plata. We worked with a qualitative methodology based on interviews with key informants. We identified two territories, one of an intensive nature with a predominance of horticultural production and the other extensive, based on livestock production. In the zones where horticultural production predominates, agroecology has grown in the last five years, encouraged by producer organisations and institutions committed to the issue. In these cases, despite the different visions of the producer organisations, we found similar processes of conversion to agroecology related to the change of model, applied practices, difficulties in the process and commercialisation through differentiated channels. Regarding to the extensive production territories, we identified a lesser development of agroecology, restricted to a few experiences with differences between them based on their membership of organisations, objectives and development of the agroecological proposal.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZEn la última década el enfoque agroecológico ha tomado relevancia en la agenda de los organismos públicos de generación y transferencia de tecnología agropecuaria, en respuesta a los reclamos de la sociedad sobre los efectos del modelo agroindustrial hegemónico sobre el ambiente y la salud de las personas. Sin embargo, no se conoce en qué medida este enfoque ha sido adoptado por los productores. Este trabajo busca conocer cómo la agroecología se ha difundido en los sistemas productivos cercanos a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa en base a entrevistas a informantes clave. Identificamos dos territorios, uno de carácter intensivo con predominio de la producción hortícola y otro extensivo basado en la producción ganadera. En las zonas donde predomina la producción hortícola se observó un crecimiento sostenido de la agroecología en los últimos cinco años, influenciado sobre todo por organizaciones de productores que la promueven e instituciones comprometidas con la temática. En estos casos, pese a la diferencia de visiones en las organizaciones de productores, encontramos procesos de conversión a la agroecología comunes en cuanto a motivaciones para el cambio de modelo, prácticas aplicadas, dificultades en el proceso y comercialización por canales diferenciados. Con respecto a los territorios de producción extensiva identificamos un desarrollo menor de la agroecología, circunscripto a unas pocas experiencias, con grandes diferencias entre ellas en cuanto a la pertenencia a organizaciones, objetivos y desarrollo de la propuesta agroecológica.
Over the last decade, the agro-ecological approach has become relevant on the agenda of public agencies for the generation and transfer of agricultural technology, in response to the claims of society about the effects of the hegemonic agro-industrial model on the environment and public health. However, it is not known to what extent this approach has been adopted by producers. The aim of this study is to find out how agroecology has spread in the production systems of a territory near the National University of La Plata. We worked with a qualitative methodology based on interviews with key informants. We identified two territories, one of an intensive nature with a predominance of horticultural production and the other extensive, based on livestock production. In the zones where horticultural production predominates, agroecology has grown in the last five years, encouraged by producer organisations and institutions committed to the issue. In these cases, despite the different visions of the producer organisations, we found similar processes of conversion to agroecology related to the change of model, applied practices, difficulties in the process and commercialisation through differentiated channels. Regarding to the extensive production territories, we identified a lesser development of agroecology, restricted to a few experiences with differences between them based on their membership of organisations, objectives and development of the agroecological proposal.Efecto del tratamiento térmico con ultrasonido sobre la calidad físico-química y el proceso de cristalización de la mielMouteira, María CeciliaBasso, Inés MarilinaParadela, Marcial PabloLupano, Cecilia Elenahttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404122022-08-11T20:02:45Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Effect of ultrasound heat treatment on the physiquechemical quality and crystallization process of honey
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
La miel es un producto que tiene la capacidad de cristalizar; esta característica está relacionada con la composición de la miel y con la temperatura de almacenamiento y de procesado, las cuales pueden alterar la calidad físico-química del producto. La miel puede someterse a diversos tratamientos orientados a obtener un producto de consistencia líquida, de acuerdo con el gusto de los consumidores. Actualmente, las tecnologías de ultrasonido resultan vitales para reducir el tiempo del proceso de licuado de la miel. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto del tratamiento térmico con ultrasonido sobre la calidad físico-química y sobre el proceso de cristalización de la miel. Una miel cristalizada se sometió a tratamiento con un baño María, provisto de ultrasonido de 40 kHz de frecuencia y 80 W de potencia, a 60°C, 50°C y 40°C, durante un rango de tiempo de 1 a 8 h. La calidad físico-química de las mieles tratadas se realizó siguiendo los protocolos de las normas IRAM. El tratamiento con ultrasonido en combinación con temperatura ha permitido retrasar la cristalización por un lapso de tiempo superior a los 300 días. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los contenidos de humedad, color y absorbancia, y no significativas en HMF y acidez. El sistema de ultrasonido se presenta como una alternativa de reemplazo de los sistemas tradicionales de licuado; a pesar de que se vieron alterados algunos de los parámetros de calidad, estas variaciones no superaron los valores dispuestos en las reglamentaciones vigentes.; Honey is a product that has the ability to crystallize; this feature is related to the composition of honey, and to storage and processing temperature, which can alter the physical-chemical quality of the product. Honey can undergo various treatments aimed at obtaining a liquid consistency product, according to the taste of consumers. Currently, ultrasound technologies are vital to reduce the time of the honey liquefying process. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of ultrasound heat treatment on the physical-chemical quality and on the crystallization process of honey. A crystallized honey was treated with a water bath, equipped with ultrasound of 40 kHz frequency and 80 W of power, at 60oC, 50oC and 40oC, over a time range of 1 to 8 h. The physical-chemical quality of treated honeys was performed in accordance with the protocols of IRAM standards. Ultrasound treatment in combination with temperature has allowed to delay crystallization for a period of time greater than 300 days. Significant differences in moisture, color and absorbance content were observed, and not significant in HMF and acidity. The ultrasound system is presented as an alternative to replacing traditional liquefying systems; although some of the quality parameters were altered, these variations did not exceed the values provided for in the current regulations.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZLa miel es un producto que tiene la capacidad de cristalizar; esta característica está relacionada con la composición de la miel y con la temperatura de almacenamiento y de procesado, las cuales pueden alterar la calidad físico-química del producto. La miel puede someterse a diversos tratamientos orientados a obtener un producto de consistencia líquida, de acuerdo con el gusto de los consumidores. Actualmente, las tecnologías de ultrasonido resultan vitales para reducir el tiempo del proceso de licuado de la miel. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar el efecto del tratamiento térmico con ultrasonido sobre la calidad físico-química y sobre el proceso de cristalización de la miel. Una miel cristalizada se sometió a tratamiento con un baño María, provisto de ultrasonido de 40 kHz de frecuencia y 80 W de potencia, a 60°C, 50°C y 40°C, durante un rango de tiempo de 1 a 8 h. La calidad físico-química de las mieles tratadas se realizó siguiendo los protocolos de las normas IRAM. El tratamiento con ultrasonido en combinación con temperatura ha permitido retrasar la cristalización por un lapso de tiempo superior a los 300 días. Se observaron diferencias significativas en los contenidos de humedad, color y absorbancia, y no significativas en HMF y acidez. El sistema de ultrasonido se presenta como una alternativa de reemplazo de los sistemas tradicionales de licuado; a pesar de que se vieron alterados algunos de los parámetros de calidad, estas variaciones no superaron los valores dispuestos en las reglamentaciones vigentes.
Honey is a product that has the ability to crystallize; this feature is related to the composition of honey, and to storage and processing temperature, which can alter the physical-chemical quality of the product. Honey can undergo various treatments aimed at obtaining a liquid consistency product, according to the taste of consumers. Currently, ultrasound technologies are vital to reduce the time of the honey liquefying process. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of ultrasound heat treatment on the physical-chemical quality and on the crystallization process of honey. A crystallized honey was treated with a water bath, equipped with ultrasound of 40 kHz frequency and 80 W of power, at 60oC, 50oC and 40oC, over a time range of 1 to 8 h. The physical-chemical quality of treated honeys was performed in accordance with the protocols of IRAM standards. Ultrasound treatment in combination with temperature has allowed to delay crystallization for a period of time greater than 300 days. Significant differences in moisture, color and absorbance content were observed, and not significant in HMF and acidity. The ultrasound system is presented as an alternative to replacing traditional liquefying systems; although some of the quality parameters were altered, these variations did not exceed the values provided for in the current regulations.¿Quiénes ingresan a la universidad?: una reconstrucción de los perfiles sociodemográficos y educativos de los y las ingresantes a la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales de la UNLP (2015-2017)Montenegro Silba, Elizabeth Bárbara JésicaAlcoba, Julietahttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404102022-08-11T20:02:46Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Who enters university? Reconstruction of sociodemographic and educational profiles of new students in the Faculty of Agricultural and Forest Sciences of UNLP (2015-2017)
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
En el presente artículo describimos los perfiles sociodemográficos y educativos de los y las estudiantes ingresantes a las carreras de Ingeniería de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAyF) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, a fin de comprender la composición de la matrícula y sus variaciones entre 2015 y 2017. Este artículo se enmarca en una investigación más amplia cuyo objeto es comprender las trayectorias académicas y las formas de ser estudiantes que construyen los sujetos en relación con la cultura institucional y curricular de las carreras de la unidad académica antes mencionada. El trabajo que aquí realizamos se trata de un estudio estadístico que nos permite reconocer las características socioeducativas de los ingresantes a las carreras de la FCAyF. Para este análisis procesamos información relativa a las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, procedencia social, geográfica y escolar, y condición laboral de los alumnos nóveles, a partir de datos suministrados por los sistemas de información universitaria (SIU) GUARANÍ Y ARAUCANO y procesados por el Observatorio Académico de la FCAyF.; In this article we describe sociodemographic and educational profiles of new students of the engineering careers at the Faculty of Agricultural and Forest Sciences of the National University of La Plata (FCAyF). The objective is to comprehend the enrolment composition and its variations, between 2015 and 2017. This article is framed in a more extensive research aimed at understanding the academic trajectories and the ways to be students that the subjects construct in relation to the institutional and curricular culture at the mentioned academic unit. In this work, we present a statistical study that allow us to recognize the socio educational characteristics of new students of FCAyF. To this analysis we processed information relating to the following variables: age, sex, social, geographic and scholar origin, working condition, based on data provided by university information systems (SIU) GUARANÍ and ARAUCANO and processed by the Academic Observatory of FCAyF.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZEn el presente artículo describimos los perfiles sociodemográficos y educativos de los y las estudiantes ingresantes a las carreras de Ingeniería de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAyF) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, a fin de comprender la composición de la matrícula y sus variaciones entre 2015 y 2017. Este artículo se enmarca en una investigación más amplia cuyo objeto es comprender las trayectorias académicas y las formas de ser estudiantes que construyen los sujetos en relación con la cultura institucional y curricular de las carreras de la unidad académica antes mencionada. El trabajo que aquí realizamos se trata de un estudio estadístico que nos permite reconocer las características socioeducativas de los ingresantes a las carreras de la FCAyF. Para este análisis procesamos información relativa a las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, procedencia social, geográfica y escolar, y condición laboral de los alumnos nóveles, a partir de datos suministrados por los sistemas de información universitaria (SIU) GUARANÍ Y ARAUCANO y procesados por el Observatorio Académico de la FCAyF.
In this article we describe sociodemographic and educational profiles of new students of the engineering careers at the Faculty of Agricultural and Forest Sciences of the National University of La Plata (FCAyF). The objective is to comprehend the enrolment composition and its variations, between 2015 and 2017. This article is framed in a more extensive research aimed at understanding the academic trajectories and the ways to be students that the subjects construct in relation to the institutional and curricular culture at the mentioned academic unit. In this work, we present a statistical study that allow us to recognize the socio educational characteristics of new students of FCAyF. To this analysis we processed information relating to the following variables: age, sex, social, geographic and scholar origin, working condition, based on data provided by university information systems (SIU) GUARANÍ and ARAUCANO and processed by the Academic Observatory of FCAyF.Tolerancia a la salinidad de festuca alta, naturalizada y comercial, libre e infectada con endófitos durante la germinaciónSoto, Marcia BelénEcheverría, María de las MercedesLúquez, JuliaSan Martino, SilvinaAssuero, Silvia GracielaPetigrosso, Lucas Ricardohttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404082022-08-11T20:02:48Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Salinity tolerance of tall fescue, naturalized and commercial, free and infected with endophytes during germination
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
Se realizó un experimento en una cámara de germinación con el objetivo de comparar la tolerancia a la salinidad de distintos materiales de festuca alta (Schedonorus arundinaceus) libres e infectados con el endófito Epichloë coenophiala durante la germinación. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completos aleatorizados con tres repeticiones en el tiempo con arreglo factorial. Los factores experimentales fueron: 1) material genético de festuca alta, con cuatro niveles: población naturalizada libre (S-) e infectada (S+) con el endófito silvestre, y cv. Taita libre (T-) e infectado (T+) con el endófito seguro AR584, y 2) condición salina, con tres niveles: 0 (control), 40 y 80 mM NaCl. Se colocaron las semillas en rollos de papel embebidos en la solución salina correspondiente y se evaluaron variables asociadas a la germinación: energía germinativa (EG), poder germinativo (PG), longitud de coleoptilo (LC) y de radícula (LR), peso fresco (PF) y seco (PS) de plántulas. No se registró interacción entre los factores experimentales para ninguna de las variables (p>0,05). A medida que aumentó la salinidad, disminuyó el PG en todos los materiales evaluados, mientras que la EG y la LC únicamente disminuyeron en 40 y 80 mM NaCl, respectivamente. Los materiales de festuca alta presentaron valores similares de EG, LC, LR y PF. Sin embargo, S+ presentó el mayor PG, que no difirió del de S-. Las plántulas de T+ registraron el menor PS. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los materiales de festuca alta estudiados no diferirían en la tolerancia a la salinidad.; An experiment was carried out in a germination chamber with the objective of comparing the salinity tolerance in different materials of tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus) free and infected with endophyte Epichloë coenophialaduring germination. A randomized complete block design with three replicates in time with factorial arrangement was used. The experimental factors were: 1) genetic material of tall fescue, four levels: a naturalized population free (S-) and infected (S+) with wild endophyte and cv. Taita free (T-) and infected (T+) with endophyte AR584, and 2) saline condition, three levels: 0 (control), 40 and 80 mM NaCl. Seeds were placed in rolls of paper soaked in the appropriate saline solution, and the following variables associated with germination were evaluated: germination energy (EG), germination power (PG), coleoptile (LC) and radicle length (LR), fresh weight (PF) and dry weight (PS) of seedlings. There was no interaction between the experimental factors for any of the variables (p>0.05). As salinity increased, PG decreased in all evaluated materials, while EG and LC only decreased under 40 and 80 mM NaCl, respectively. All tall fescue materials presented similar values of EG, LC, LR and PF. However, S+ showed the highest PG, which did not differ from that of S-. Seedlings of T+ registered the lowest PS. The results obtained indicate no differences in salinity tolerance among the tall fescue materials studied.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZSe realizó un experimento en una cámara de germinación con el objetivo de comparar la tolerancia a la salinidad de distintos materiales de festuca alta (Schedonorus arundinaceus) libres e infectados con el endófito Epichloë coenophiala durante la germinación. Se utilizó un diseño en bloques completos aleatorizados con tres repeticiones en el tiempo con arreglo factorial. Los factores experimentales fueron: 1) material genético de festuca alta, con cuatro niveles: población naturalizada libre (S-) e infectada (S+) con el endófito silvestre, y cv. Taita libre (T-) e infectado (T+) con el endófito seguro AR584, y 2) condición salina, con tres niveles: 0 (control), 40 y 80 mM NaCl. Se colocaron las semillas en rollos de papel embebidos en la solución salina correspondiente y se evaluaron variables asociadas a la germinación: energía germinativa (EG), poder germinativo (PG), longitud de coleoptilo (LC) y de radícula (LR), peso fresco (PF) y seco (PS) de plántulas. No se registró interacción entre los factores experimentales para ninguna de las variables (p>0,05). A medida que aumentó la salinidad, disminuyó el PG en todos los materiales evaluados, mientras que la EG y la LC únicamente disminuyeron en 40 y 80 mM NaCl, respectivamente. Los materiales de festuca alta presentaron valores similares de EG, LC, LR y PF. Sin embargo, S+ presentó el mayor PG, que no difirió del de S-. Las plántulas de T+ registraron el menor PS. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los materiales de festuca alta estudiados no diferirían en la tolerancia a la salinidad.
An experiment was carried out in a germination chamber with the objective of comparing the salinity tolerance in different materials of tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus) free and infected with endophyte Epichloë coenophialaduring germination. A randomized complete block design with three replicates in time with factorial arrangement was used. The experimental factors were: 1) genetic material of tall fescue, four levels: a naturalized population free (S-) and infected (S+) with wild endophyte and cv. Taita free (T-) and infected (T+) with endophyte AR584, and 2) saline condition, three levels: 0 (control), 40 and 80 mM NaCl. Seeds were placed in rolls of paper soaked in the appropriate saline solution, and the following variables associated with germination were evaluated: germination energy (EG), germination power (PG), coleoptile (LC) and radicle length (LR), fresh weight (PF) and dry weight (PS) of seedlings. There was no interaction between the experimental factors for any of the variables (p>0.05). As salinity increased, PG decreased in all evaluated materials, while EG and LC only decreased under 40 and 80 mM NaCl, respectively. All tall fescue materials presented similar values of EG, LC, LR and PF. However, S+ showed the highest PG, which did not differ from that of S-. Seedlings of T+ registered the lowest PS. The results obtained indicate no differences in salinity tolerance among the tall fescue materials studied.Marcação de insetos para estudos biológicosMartins de Araujo, MárcioSanhueza Salas, Fernando JavierArthur, Valterhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404032022-08-11T20:02:49Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Insect marking for biological studies
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
A técnica de marcação permite estudar os comportamentos e interações ecológicas dos insetos, como por exemplo padrões de dispersão, movimento, territorialidade, manuseio, consumo de alimentos, associações vetor-parasita, e cadeias ou teias alimentares. Essa revisão descreve as vantagens e desvantagens dos marcadores, destacando três métodos cujo diferencial é a permanência no inseto independente do estágio de vida. Os radioisótopos minimizam a manipulação direta e o trauma nos insetos, podem ser aplicados em grandes populações e são facilmente rastreáveis, porém o seu descarte limita a aplicação em campo. Os isótopos estáveis ocorrem naturalmente no ambiente, não são radioativos e estão relacionados á estudos ecológicos de níveis tróficos e processos metabólicos, dentre os elementos mais são utilizados, os isótopos de carbono refletem principalmente a dieta dos animais; os isótopos de nitrogênio refletem as práticas agrícolas (extensiva x intensiva) e em parte a dieta. Os isótopos de oxigênio e hidrogênio são vinculados á composição isotópica da água que, por sua vez, é dependente de fatores geográficos tais como altitude, clima e latitude. Por sua vez, os oligoelementos também são utilizados como marcadores internos (não radioativos) e podem variar de acordo com a localização geográfica alterando as quantidades encontradas nas plantas e insetos. Portanto, a busca de uma melhor metodologia que permita detectar a correlação dos insetos com o homem e o meio ambiente depende do tipo de estudo a ser realizado.; The marking technique allows studying the behaviour and ecological interactions of insects, such as patterns of dispersion and movement, territoriality, handling and consumption of food, vector-parasite associations and food chains and webs. This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of markers, highlighting three methods whose differential is that they remain in the insect regardless of the stage of life. Radioisotopes minimize direct manipulation and trauma to insects, can be applied to large populations and are easily traceable, but their disposal limits field application. Stable isotopes that occur naturally in the environment are not radioactive and are related to ecological studies of trophic levels and metabolic processes, among the most used elements, carbon isotopes mainly reflect the diet of animals; nitrogen isotopes reflect agricultural practices (extensive x intensive) and in part diet and oxygen and hydrogen isotopes are linked to the isotopic composition of water, which, in turn, is dependent on geographic factors such as altitude, climate and latitude. Trace elements are also used as internal (non-radioactive) markers and can vary according to geographic location, changing the amounts found in plants and insects. Therefore, the search for a better methodology to detect the correlation of insects with man and the environment depends on the type of study to be carried out.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZA técnica de marcação permite estudar os comportamentos e interações ecológicas dos insetos, como por exemplo padrões de dispersão, movimento, territorialidade, manuseio, consumo de alimentos, associações vetor-parasita, e cadeias ou teias alimentares. Essa revisão descreve as vantagens e desvantagens dos marcadores, destacando três métodos cujo diferencial é a permanência no inseto independente do estágio de vida. Os radioisótopos minimizam a manipulação direta e o trauma nos insetos, podem ser aplicados em grandes populações e são facilmente rastreáveis, porém o seu descarte limita a aplicação em campo. Os isótopos estáveis ocorrem naturalmente no ambiente, não são radioativos e estão relacionados á estudos ecológicos de níveis tróficos e processos metabólicos, dentre os elementos mais são utilizados, os isótopos de carbono refletem principalmente a dieta dos animais; os isótopos de nitrogênio refletem as práticas agrícolas (extensiva x intensiva) e em parte a dieta. Os isótopos de oxigênio e hidrogênio são vinculados á composição isotópica da água que, por sua vez, é dependente de fatores geográficos tais como altitude, clima e latitude. Por sua vez, os oligoelementos também são utilizados como marcadores internos (não radioativos) e podem variar de acordo com a localização geográfica alterando as quantidades encontradas nas plantas e insetos. Portanto, a busca de uma melhor metodologia que permita detectar a correlação dos insetos com o homem e o meio ambiente depende do tipo de estudo a ser realizado.
The marking technique allows studying the behaviour and ecological interactions of insects, such as patterns of dispersion and movement, territoriality, handling and consumption of food, vector-parasite associations and food chains and webs. This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of markers, highlighting three methods whose differential is that they remain in the insect regardless of the stage of life. Radioisotopes minimize direct manipulation and trauma to insects, can be applied to large populations and are easily traceable, but their disposal limits field application. Stable isotopes that occur naturally in the environment are not radioactive and are related to ecological studies of trophic levels and metabolic processes, among the most used elements, carbon isotopes mainly reflect the diet of animals; nitrogen isotopes reflect agricultural practices (extensive x intensive) and in part diet and oxygen and hydrogen isotopes are linked to the isotopic composition of water, which, in turn, is dependent on geographic factors such as altitude, climate and latitude. Trace elements are also used as internal (non-radioactive) markers and can vary according to geographic location, changing the amounts found in plants and insects. Therefore, the search for a better methodology to detect the correlation of insects with man and the environment depends on the type of study to be carried out.Análisis del marco tecnológico agroecológico de la región agroalimentaria de CórdobaFerrer, GuillermoSilvetti, FelicitasBarrientos, MarioSaal, GabrielFrancavilla, Gracielahttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1404012022-08-11T20:02:52Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
The agroecological technological framework of the agri-food region of Córdoba
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
En la región agroalimentaria de Córdoba tiene lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico-productivo desde el enfoque convencional al agroecológico. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron las particularidades de la trayectoria histórica y la dinámica sociotécnica del proceso de consolidación del marco agroecológico, que se presenta como una alternativa en disputa con el marco tecnológico convencional o químico. Asimismo se identificó la heterogeneidad de los productores agroecológicos y su participación en diferentes redes sociotécnicas. Se concluye que el marco tecnológico agroecológico presenta condiciones favorables para su expansión y está constituido por cinco núcleos de actores vinculados a la investigación, comercialización y capacitación.; Focused as a case study, the paper analyzes the agroecological sociotechnical framework in the agro-food region of Córdoba. The analytical dimensions were: i) the reconstrution of the historical trajectory; ii) the sociotechnical dynamics; iii) the heterogeneity of agroecological farmers and their participation in sociotechnical networks. It concluded that the agroecological technological framework presents favorable conditions for its expansion and it is constituted by five nuclei of actors linked to research, commercialization and training.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZEn la región agroalimentaria de Córdoba tiene lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico-productivo desde el enfoque convencional al agroecológico. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron las particularidades de la trayectoria histórica y la dinámica sociotécnica del proceso de consolidación del marco agroecológico, que se presenta como una alternativa en disputa con el marco tecnológico convencional o químico. Asimismo se identificó la heterogeneidad de los productores agroecológicos y su participación en diferentes redes sociotécnicas. Se concluye que el marco tecnológico agroecológico presenta condiciones favorables para su expansión y está constituido por cinco núcleos de actores vinculados a la investigación, comercialización y capacitación.
Focused as a case study, the paper analyzes the agroecological sociotechnical framework in the agro-food region of Córdoba. The analytical dimensions were: i) the reconstrution of the historical trajectory; ii) the sociotechnical dynamics; iii) the heterogeneity of agroecological farmers and their participation in sociotechnical networks. It concluded that the agroecological technological framework presents favorable conditions for its expansion and it is constituted by five nuclei of actors linked to research, commercialization and training.Utilización de álamos y sauces para la producción de biomasa para energíaLuquez, Virginia Martha CristinaBartolozzi, Mauro E.Martínez Alonso, Santiago Manuelhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1403982022-08-11T20:02:53Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
The use of poplar and willow to produce biomass for energy
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
En esta revisión, se describen las principales características del uso de Salicáceas (álamos y sauces) en plantaciones de rotación corta para producir biomasa para energía. Se analizan distintos tipos de plantaciones para producir biomasa y la sustentabilidad de las mismas. Se resumen los resultados del mejoramiento de sauces y álamos para producir biomasa en distintos países. Finalmente, se discuten aspectos que será necesario investigar para el desarrollo de plantaciones de rotación corta con Salicáceas para producir biomasa en Argentina.; In this revision, the characteristics of short rotation biomass plantations with Salicaceae (poplars and willows) are discussed. Different types of biomass plantations are described and their sustainability is discussed. The results obtained in breeding of poplar and willows for biomass production in different countries are summarized. Finally, there is a discussion of the research needed to develop short rotation bioenergy plantations in Argentina using Salicaceae.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZEn esta revisión, se describen las principales características del uso de Salicáceas (álamos y sauces) en plantaciones de rotación corta para producir biomasa para energía. Se analizan distintos tipos de plantaciones para producir biomasa y la sustentabilidad de las mismas. Se resumen los resultados del mejoramiento de sauces y álamos para producir biomasa en distintos países. Finalmente, se discuten aspectos que será necesario investigar para el desarrollo de plantaciones de rotación corta con Salicáceas para producir biomasa en Argentina.
In this revision, the characteristics of short rotation biomass plantations with Salicaceae (poplars and willows) are discussed. Different types of biomass plantations are described and their sustainability is discussed. The results obtained in breeding of poplar and willows for biomass production in different countries are summarized. Finally, there is a discussion of the research needed to develop short rotation bioenergy plantations in Argentina using Salicaceae.Aspectos da fenologia das progênies de maracujá silvestre BRS Maracujá Maçã, BRS Pérola do Cerrado e BRS Sertão ForteNeves da Silva, ClotiltesGelape Faleiro, Fábioda Silva Oliveira, JamileVilela Junqueira, Nilton Tadeuçhttp://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/1403972022-08-11T20:02:54Z2022-07-01T00:00:00ZArticulo
Phenology aspects of Passiflora wild progeny BRS Maracujá Maçã, BRS Pérola do Cerrado and BRS Sertão Forte
Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía; vol. 121, no. 1
Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento fenológico de três progênies de maracujá silvestre no período de setembro de 2015 a agosto de 2016, nas condições do Cerrado do Planalto Central, em Planaltina - DF. Foram analisados os períodos de floração e frutificação em condições naturais das progênies BRS Maracujá Maçã (BRS MM), BRS Pérola do Cerrado (BRS PC) e BRS Sertão Forte (BRS SF) para verificar o início, a duração e o término das diferentes fenofases. As observações ocorreram semanalmente em campo, sendo realizados registros fotográficos digitais, em flores e frutos de plantas de cada progênie aleatoriamente marcadas em cada área, com a finalidade de identificar os estádios reprodutivos e alterações morfológicas durante a fenologia reprodutiva da espécie. O maior número de botões florais e flores por metro de espaldeira obtidos pelas progênies BRS PC, BRS MM, e BRS SF foram de 284 (fevereiro), 180 (março) e 188 (abril), respectivamente. Já o maior número de frutos contabilizados para as progênies BRS PC, BRS MM e BRS SF foram de 75 (março), 91 (abril) e 77 (agosto), respectivamente. O período de floração e frutificação nas condições do Cerrado do Planalto Central para essas três progênies em estudo é do tipo contínuo, no qual há a produção de flores e frutos ao longo de todo o ano.; The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological behavior of three wild passion fruit progenies in the period from September 2015 to August 2016, under the Savanna conditions in the Central Brazilian High Plains, in Planaltina, DF. Flowering and fruiting periods of BRS Maracujá Maçã (BRS MM), BRS Pérola do Cerrado (BRS PC) and BRS Sertão Forte (BRS SF) were analyzed in natural conditions to verify the beginning, duration and the end of the different phenophases. The observations occurred weekly in the field. Digital photographic records of flowers and fruits of each progeny were taken in plants randomly marked reproductive stages and morphological changes during the reproductive phenology of the progenies were identified and analyzed. The highest number of floral buds and flowers per meter of vertical cordon obtained by progenies BRS PC, BRS MM and BRS SF were 284 (February), 180 (March) and 188 (April), respectively. The highest number of fruits accounted for progenies BRS MM, BRS PC and BRS SF were 75 (March), 91 (April) and 77 (August), respectively. The period of flowering and fruiting in the Savanna conditions in the Central Brazilian High Plains, in Planaltina, DF for these three progenies is of the continuous type, in which there is the production of flowers and fruits throughout the all year.
2022-07-01T00:00:00ZNeste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento fenológico de três progênies de maracujá silvestre no período de setembro de 2015 a agosto de 2016, nas condições do Cerrado do Planalto Central, em Planaltina - DF. Foram analisados os períodos de floração e frutificação em condições naturais das progênies BRS Maracujá Maçã (BRS MM), BRS Pérola do Cerrado (BRS PC) e BRS Sertão Forte (BRS SF) para verificar o início, a duração e o término das diferentes fenofases. As observações ocorreram semanalmente em campo, sendo realizados registros fotográficos digitais, em flores e frutos de plantas de cada progênie aleatoriamente marcadas em cada área, com a finalidade de identificar os estádios reprodutivos e alterações morfológicas durante a fenologia reprodutiva da espécie. O maior número de botões florais e flores por metro de espaldeira obtidos pelas progênies BRS PC, BRS MM, e BRS SF foram de 284 (fevereiro), 180 (março) e 188 (abril), respectivamente. Já o maior número de frutos contabilizados para as progênies BRS PC, BRS MM e BRS SF foram de 75 (março), 91 (abril) e 77 (agosto), respectivamente. O período de floração e frutificação nas condições do Cerrado do Planalto Central para essas três progênies em estudo é do tipo contínuo, no qual há a produção de flores e frutos ao longo de todo o ano.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological behavior of three wild passion fruit progenies in the period from September 2015 to August 2016, under the Savanna conditions in the Central Brazilian High Plains, in Planaltina, DF. Flowering and fruiting periods of BRS Maracujá Maçã (BRS MM), BRS Pérola do Cerrado (BRS PC) and BRS Sertão Forte (BRS SF) were analyzed in natural conditions to verify the beginning, duration and the end of the different phenophases. The observations occurred weekly in the field. Digital photographic records of flowers and fruits of each progeny were taken in plants randomly marked reproductive stages and morphological changes during the reproductive phenology of the progenies were identified and analyzed. The highest number of floral buds and flowers per meter of vertical cordon obtained by progenies BRS PC, BRS MM and BRS SF were 284 (February), 180 (March) and 188 (April), respectively. The highest number of fruits accounted for progenies BRS MM, BRS PC and BRS SF were 75 (March), 91 (April) and 77 (August), respectively. The period of flowering and fruiting in the Savanna conditions in the Central Brazilian High Plains, in Planaltina, DF for these three progenies is of the continuous type, in which there is the production of flowers and fruits throughout the all year.