http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/222 2013-05-24T22:31:34Z 2013-05-24T22:31:34Z Carlucci, Adriana M. Bregni, Carlos http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7787 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Revision Nanotechnologycal products of Pharmacotherapy application Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 La nanotecnología aplicada a la farmacoterapia tiene un gran potencial para el cuidado de la salud, pero para tener éxito con esta iniciativa estructuralmente multifacética es necesario el estudio minucioso de los desafíos que encierra, del conocimiento involucrado con el área al día de hoy y de las oportunidades futuras. Es fundamental encontrar los parámetros fisico-químicos, biofarmacéuticos, farmacocinéticos y toxicológicos relevantes del área para ajustar las caracterizaciones precisas y seguras de este tipo de sistemas liberadores de droga; tampoco se pueden dejar de considerar los factores de interés asociados con la transferencia tecnológica de los mismos. Para lograr que nuevas formulaciones lleguen al mercado es necesaria una evaluación bien fundamentada para la selección de drogas y un criterio científico suficientemente desarrollado; así se minimizarán inconvenientes clínicos y se podrá proveer un real beneficio al paciente.; Nanotechnology applied to pharmacotherapy has got a great potential for health care, but so as to be successful in the application of this technologically and structurally multi-faceted initiative a detailed analysis is necessary; it must includes the involved challenges, the current knowledge of the area and the future opportunities. It is important indeed to find the physic-chemical, biopharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters with relevance in the subject so as to adjust precise and assured characterizations of these types of delivery systems; factors of interest associated with technological transference must also be considered. A well-based evaluation for the selection of drugs and a well-developed scientific criterion are necessaries to achieve that new formulations would begin to be marketed; in that way also a minimization of clinical inconveniences is feasible and a real benefit to patients is possible to be provided.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z La nanotecnología aplicada a la farmacoterapia tiene un gran potencial para el cuidado de la salud, pero para tener éxito con esta iniciativa estructuralmente multifacética es necesario el estudio minucioso de los desafíos que encierra, del conocimiento involucrado con el área al día de hoy y de las oportunidades futuras. Es fundamental encontrar los parámetros fisico-químicos, biofarmacéuticos, farmacocinéticos y toxicológicos relevantes del área para ajustar las caracterizaciones precisas y seguras de este tipo de sistemas liberadores de droga; tampoco se pueden dejar de considerar los factores de interés asociados con la transferencia tecnológica de los mismos. Para lograr que nuevas formulaciones lleguen al mercado es necesaria una evaluación bien fundamentada para la selección de drogas y un criterio científico suficientemente desarrollado; así se minimizarán inconvenientes clínicos y se podrá proveer un real beneficio al paciente. Nanotechnology applied to pharmacotherapy has got a great potential for health care, but so as to be successful in the application of this technologically and structurally multi-faceted initiative a detailed analysis is necessary; it must includes the involved challenges, the current knowledge of the area and the future opportunities. It is important indeed to find the physic-chemical, biopharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters with relevance in the subject so as to adjust precise and assured characterizations of these types of delivery systems; factors of interest associated with technological transference must also be considered. A well-based evaluation for the selection of drugs and a well-developed scientific criterion are necessaries to achieve that new formulations would begin to be marketed; in that way also a minimization of clinical inconveniences is feasible and a real benefit to patients is possible to be provided. Gan, Siew H. Ramli, Norzihana Mukiar, Norman http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7786 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Using a Digiscan Actimeter, many previous studies have shown that low dose caffeine (6.25- 25 mg/kg) stimulates locomotion while caffeine in high doses (100 mg/kg) depresses locomotion. This locomotor stimulatory effects induced by caffeine in rodents have been attributed to antagonism of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors while its depressant effects are mediated by the blockade of the A1 receptors. The objective of this study is to further confirm caffeine's dual effects using Porsolt's Forced Swim Tests (FST). This study is also the first to report on mice's active behaviours such as climbing and swimming that can further elucidate caffeine's mode of antidepressive action. Male Swiss albino mice (n = 18) weighing 22-29 g were divided into 3 groups. Each group received either 100 mg/kg of caffeine (Group 1), sodium benzoate vehicle as control (Group 2) or 10 mg/kg of caffeine (Group 3) intraperitoneally. After 30 min of administration, the mice were subjected to a FST and the immobility time was measured. The mice's active behaviours were also scored by an independent observer who is blinded to the treatment group. Animals receiving high dose caffeine (Group 1) illustrated a significantly longer immobility time (reduced by 82%), while the groups receiving low dose caffeine showed shorter immobility time (increased by 19%) when compared to the control group. Group 1 also went into an immobility stage faster (p = 0.036: ANOVA). Animals in Group 3 also showed significantly higher frequencies of swimming and climbing behaviours when compared to the other two groups. Overall, these data support the hypothesis that high dose caffeine promotes a state of "prolonged helplessness". Caffeine shows a dual effect and when it is administered in low dosages, it may be a potential drug to be used and developed as an antidepressant agent. High dose caffeine gives the opposite effect.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Using a Digiscan Actimeter, many previous studies have shown that low dose caffeine (6.25- 25 mg/kg) stimulates locomotion while caffeine in high doses (100 mg/kg) depresses locomotion. This locomotor stimulatory effects induced by caffeine in rodents have been attributed to antagonism of adenosine A1 and A2A receptors while its depressant effects are mediated by the blockade of the A1 receptors. The objective of this study is to further confirm caffeine's dual effects using Porsolt's Forced Swim Tests (FST). This study is also the first to report on mice's active behaviours such as climbing and swimming that can further elucidate caffeine's mode of antidepressive action. Male Swiss albino mice (n = 18) weighing 22-29 g were divided into 3 groups. Each group received either 100 mg/kg of caffeine (Group 1), sodium benzoate vehicle as control (Group 2) or 10 mg/kg of caffeine (Group 3) intraperitoneally. After 30 min of administration, the mice were subjected to a FST and the immobility time was measured. The mice's active behaviours were also scored by an independent observer who is blinded to the treatment group. Animals receiving high dose caffeine (Group 1) illustrated a significantly longer immobility time (reduced by 82%), while the groups receiving low dose caffeine showed shorter immobility time (increased by 19%) when compared to the control group. Group 1 also went into an immobility stage faster (p = 0.036: ANOVA). Animals in Group 3 also showed significantly higher frequencies of swimming and climbing behaviours when compared to the other two groups. Overall, these data support the hypothesis that high dose caffeine promotes a state of "prolonged helplessness". Caffeine shows a dual effect and when it is administered in low dosages, it may be a potential drug to be used and developed as an antidepressant agent. High dose caffeine gives the opposite effect. Gurgel, Ana P.A.D. Silva, Jackeline G. da Grangeiro, Ana R.S. Xavier, Haroudo Satiro Oliveira, Rinalda Araújo Guerra de Pereira, Maria S. V. Souza de, Ivone A. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7785 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 The present study describes some in vitro experiments with hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng (Lamiaceae) in several Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in the attempt to determine whether the popular use corroborates with pharmacological properties. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion assay method. The evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using the agar dilution method. The time-kill curve was used to determine bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. In accordance with the results, the hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves of P. amboinicus have shown a promising activity in MRSA strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 18.7 to 9.3 mg/mL and the time-kill curves suggests a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects, ranging with the concentration of the extract. These results corroborate with the use of P. amboinicus in folk medicine for the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z The present study describes some in vitro experiments with hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng (Lamiaceae) in several Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains in the attempt to determine whether the popular use corroborates with pharmacological properties. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the agar diffusion assay method. The evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using the agar dilution method. The time-kill curve was used to determine bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. In accordance with the results, the hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves of P. amboinicus have shown a promising activity in MRSA strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 18.7 to 9.3 mg/mL and the time-kill curves suggests a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects, ranging with the concentration of the extract. These results corroborate with the use of P. amboinicus in folk medicine for the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus Jorge, Tereza C.M. Lenartovicz, Viridiana Andrade, Mariana W. Bonafin, Thalita Giordani, Morenna A. Bueno, Norma B. C. Schneider, Déborah S.L.G. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7784 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Pediculosis is a worldwide head infestation caused by Pediculus humanus. The treatment for this infestation is use of topical insecticides and there are studies which show that the insect may be resistant to chemical active ingredients. The insecticidal properties of Sambucus australis, Melia azedarach and Ruta graveolens are not known if they have pediculicidal properties as well. The aim of this study is to evaluate the insecticide activity of treatments using extracts of S. australis, M. azedarach and R. graveolens against the pediculosis. The results showed that lice are sensitive to the treatments used, and M. azedarach extract presented the most efficient results.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Pediculosis is a worldwide head infestation caused by Pediculus humanus. The treatment for this infestation is use of topical insecticides and there are studies which show that the insect may be resistant to chemical active ingredients. The insecticidal properties of Sambucus australis, Melia azedarach and Ruta graveolens are not known if they have pediculicidal properties as well. The aim of this study is to evaluate the insecticide activity of treatments using extracts of S. australis, M. azedarach and R. graveolens against the pediculosis. The results showed that lice are sensitive to the treatments used, and M. azedarach extract presented the most efficient results. Esteves, Patricia Fontes Sato, Alice Esquibel, María Aparecida Campos-Buzzi, Fátima de Meira, Aleandra V. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7783 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 The antinociceptive activity of Malva sylvestris (Malvaceae) aqueous extract (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated against classical models of pain in mice, indicating promising results. It showed significant antinociceptive activity in writhing test (76.4% of inhibition) and also inhibited the neurogenic (61.8%) and inflammatory (46.6%) phases of the formalin model. When analysed against capsaicin-induced pain model, the aqueous extract was also effective with inhibition of 62.9%, but it did not cause significant activity against hot-plate model. The results suggest that the antinociception caused by aqueous extract is related to the inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis pathway cyclooxygenase and unrelated to the stimulation of the opioid receptors.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z The antinociceptive activity of Malva sylvestris (Malvaceae) aqueous extract (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was evaluated against classical models of pain in mice, indicating promising results. It showed significant antinociceptive activity in writhing test (76.4% of inhibition) and also inhibited the neurogenic (61.8%) and inflammatory (46.6%) phases of the formalin model. When analysed against capsaicin-induced pain model, the aqueous extract was also effective with inhibition of 62.9%, but it did not cause significant activity against hot-plate model. The results suggest that the antinociception caused by aqueous extract is related to the inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis pathway cyclooxygenase and unrelated to the stimulation of the opioid receptors. Stefanello, Maria É.A. Wisniewski Jr., Alberto Simionatto, Edésio L. Cervi, Armando C. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7782 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Chemical composition and seasonal variation of essential oils of Eugenia pyriformis (Myrtaceae) Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 A composição química dos óleos essenciais obtidos por hidrodestilação de folhas (coletadas entre outubro/2005 e dezembro/2006), flores e frutos de Eugenia pyriformis Camb. (Myrtaceae), foi analisada por CG e CG/EM. Os óleos foram caracterizados pela presença de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos em quantidades variáveis durante o ano. Nos óleos das folhas os principais componentes foram β-pineno, limoneno, 1,8-cineol e óxido de cariofileno. O teor destes compostos mostrou grande variação sazonal. No óleo dos frutos os principais componentes foram óxido de cariofileno (16,2%) e limoneno (12,4%). No óleo das flores os componentes majoritários foram E-cariofileno (22,8%) e germacreno D (15,3%). Este óleo diferiu dos demais pela presença de benzoato de (Z)-3-hexenila (4,1%) e benzoato de benzila (0,7%) como constituintes minoritários.; The chemical composition of essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves (collected from October/2005 to December/2006), flowers and fruits of Eugenia pyriformis Camb. (Myrtaceae), was analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The oils were characterized by variable amounts of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. In leaf oils the main components were β-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineol and caryophyllene oxide. The content of these compounds showed considerable seasonal variation. In fruits oil caryophyllene oxide (16.2%) and limonene (12.4%) were the major components. In flowers oil the main components were E-caryophyllene (22.8%) and germacrene D (15.3%). This oil contained (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate (4.1%) and benzyl benzoate (0.7%) as minor constituents

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A composição química dos óleos essenciais obtidos por hidrodestilação de folhas (coletadas entre outubro/2005 e dezembro/2006), flores e frutos de Eugenia pyriformis Camb. (Myrtaceae), foi analisada por CG e CG/EM. Os óleos foram caracterizados pela presença de monoterpenos e sesquiterpenos em quantidades variáveis durante o ano. Nos óleos das folhas os principais componentes foram β-pineno, limoneno, 1,8-cineol e óxido de cariofileno. O teor destes compostos mostrou grande variação sazonal. No óleo dos frutos os principais componentes foram óxido de cariofileno (16,2%) e limoneno (12,4%). No óleo das flores os componentes majoritários foram E-cariofileno (22,8%) e germacreno D (15,3%). Este óleo diferiu dos demais pela presença de benzoato de (Z)-3-hexenila (4,1%) e benzoato de benzila (0,7%) como constituintes minoritários. The chemical composition of essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves (collected from October/2005 to December/2006), flowers and fruits of Eugenia pyriformis Camb. (Myrtaceae), was analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. The oils were characterized by variable amounts of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. In leaf oils the main components were β-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineol and caryophyllene oxide. The content of these compounds showed considerable seasonal variation. In fruits oil caryophyllene oxide (16.2%) and limonene (12.4%) were the major components. In flowers oil the main components were E-caryophyllene (22.8%) and germacrene D (15.3%). This oil contained (Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate (4.1%) and benzyl benzoate (0.7%) as minor constituents Montanha, Jarbas Bourgougnon, Nathalie Boustie, Joel Amoros, Maryvonne http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7781 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Three carrageenan representatives of each structural type: λ- and ι –family (Gigartina acicularis), ι-family (Euchema denticulatum) and κ –family (Kappaphycus cottonii) have been tested for their in vitro antiviral activity. The carrageenans proved to be potent inhibitors of herpes human virus type 1 (HHV-1) and Poliovirus. The best results were obtained with carrageenans from Gigartina acicularis and Euchema denticulatum, which are more sulfated than those from Kappaphycus cottonii. The selective index values (CC50 /ID50 ) ranged from more than 22 to more than 545 for HHV-1 and more than 6.6 to more than 32 for Poliovirus. No citotoxic effects were observed. At 0.75 mg/ml, none of the carrageenans tested showed a virucidal activity against HHV-1 or Poliovirus. Carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι- family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family) exerted their antiviral effect via, in part, by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment and by the interference in a subsequent stage of the virus replicative cycle. The κ-carrageenan from Kappaphycus cottonii exerted its antiviral effect mainly by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment. In cultures treated with carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι-family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family), the HHV-1 viral DNA synthesis had a reduction of threefold and twofold with 0.75 mg/ml, respectively.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Three carrageenan representatives of each structural type: λ- and ι –family (Gigartina acicularis), ι-family (Euchema denticulatum) and κ –family (Kappaphycus cottonii) have been tested for their in vitro antiviral activity. The carrageenans proved to be potent inhibitors of herpes human virus type 1 (HHV-1) and Poliovirus. The best results were obtained with carrageenans from Gigartina acicularis and Euchema denticulatum, which are more sulfated than those from Kappaphycus cottonii. The selective index values (CC50 /ID50 ) ranged from more than 22 to more than 545 for HHV-1 and more than 6.6 to more than 32 for Poliovirus. No citotoxic effects were observed. At 0.75 mg/ml, none of the carrageenans tested showed a virucidal activity against HHV-1 or Poliovirus. Carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι- family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family) exerted their antiviral effect via, in part, by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment and by the interference in a subsequent stage of the virus replicative cycle. The κ-carrageenan from Kappaphycus cottonii exerted its antiviral effect mainly by a lower inhibition of the virus attachment. In cultures treated with carrageenans from Euchema denticulatum (ι-family) and Gigartina acicularis (λ- and ι –family), the HHV-1 viral DNA synthesis had a reduction of threefold and twofold with 0.75 mg/ml, respectively. Saino, Verónica Chetoni, Patrizia Palma, Santiago D. Allemandi, Daniel A. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7780 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate 6-O-palmitoyl ascorbic acid (ASC16) and 6-O-lauril ascorbic acid (ASC12) for their capacity to promote permeation of Ibuprofen (IBU) through hairless mouse skin in vitro. The permeation of Arfen® (IBU 10% P/P, commercial product), IBU solution (0.85% P/P, pH 7.4, 66.7 mM phosphate buffer: Isopropyl alcohol; 80:20) and IBU (0.85% P/P) vehiculized in ASCn coagels (5% w/v) were measured and comparatively analyzed. Although IBU release from the formulation was faster in the case of Arfen® in comparison to ASCn coagel, the permeation of IBU was significantly increased when the drug was vehiculized in these systems, being ASC12 the most effective as enhancer. This result demonstrated the potential usefulness of the lamellar liquid crystalline system obtained from ASCn auto-aggregation for topical administration of drugs.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate 6-O-palmitoyl ascorbic acid (ASC16) and 6-O-lauril ascorbic acid (ASC12) for their capacity to promote permeation of Ibuprofen (IBU) through hairless mouse skin in vitro. The permeation of Arfen® (IBU 10% P/P, commercial product), IBU solution (0.85% P/P, pH 7.4, 66.7 mM phosphate buffer: Isopropyl alcohol; 80:20) and IBU (0.85% P/P) vehiculized in ASCn coagels (5% w/v) were measured and comparatively analyzed. Although IBU release from the formulation was faster in the case of Arfen® in comparison to ASCn coagel, the permeation of IBU was significantly increased when the drug was vehiculized in these systems, being ASC12 the most effective as enhancer. This result demonstrated the potential usefulness of the lamellar liquid crystalline system obtained from ASCn auto-aggregation for topical administration of drugs. Souza, Jacqueline de Kano, Eunice K. Koono, Eunice E. Schramm, Simone G. Porta, Valentina Storpiritis, Sílvia http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7779 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 A double-center, open-label, two-way crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers to assess the bioequivalence of a combined lamivudine/zidovudine tablet related to a reference and test drug products. The volunteers were randomly assigned to receive one lamivudine/zidovudine combination tablet of reference or test product with 7-days washout period between. Blood samples were collected up to 36 h post dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. Drug products were bioequivalent if 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of least squares (CI 90%) means are under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC_0-τ ) and absorption rate (C_max) fell within 80 to 125% for log-transformed parameters. Test and reference products present data of AUC_0-τ , C_max referents to lamivudine and data of ASC∞ referents to zidovudine, in agreement of these limits. The result of C_max (CI 90%) to zidovudine was: 116% (90- 141%), it has confirm that the zidovudine has high individual variability of absorption.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A double-center, open-label, two-way crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers to assess the bioequivalence of a combined lamivudine/zidovudine tablet related to a reference and test drug products. The volunteers were randomly assigned to receive one lamivudine/zidovudine combination tablet of reference or test product with 7-days washout period between. Blood samples were collected up to 36 h post dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated. Drug products were bioequivalent if 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of least squares (CI 90%) means are under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC_0-τ ) and absorption rate (C_max) fell within 80 to 125% for log-transformed parameters. Test and reference products present data of AUC_0-τ , C_max referents to lamivudine and data of ASC∞ referents to zidovudine, in agreement of these limits. The result of C_max (CI 90%) to zidovudine was: 116% (90- 141%), it has confirm that the zidovudine has high individual variability of absorption. Baracat, Marcela M. Montanher, Cláudia L.S. Kubacki, Angela C. Martínez, Renata M. Zonta, Gabriela A.N. Duarte, José Crispim Nery, Marlene M. F. Gianotto, Elisabeth A. S. Georgetti, Sandra R. Casagrande, Rúbia http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7788 2012-05-03T01:50:45Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Quality Evaluation of Manipulated and Industrialized Simvastatin Formulations Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Medicamentos de uso crônico, como a sinvastatina, podem representar ao usuário um custo elevado, propiciando a utilização de medicamentos manipulados como uma alternativa, no entanto a sua qualidade deve ser assegurada. Assim, o trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a qualidade de comprimidos referência (R), genéricos (G1-2) e similares (S1-2) e cápsulas manipuladas (M1-4) de sinvastatina avaliando- se peso médio, perfil de dissolução, doseamento e uniformidade de conteúdo. Os resultados da avaliação da qualidade dos comprimidos industrializados e das cápsulas manipuladas 1-3 estão de acordo com os parâmetros especificados nas Farmacopéias. No entanto, os resultados da uniformidade de conteúdo para a formulação M4 indicaram que 3 amostras apresentaram teor inferior a 75% com DPR de 10,30%. Ainda, a quantidade de sinvastatina liberada foi de 63,74% em 30 minutos não atendendo o recomendado pela Farmacopéia Americana. O trabalho mostrou a importância em assegurar a qualidade dos medicamentos comercializados com o interesse em evitar ineficácia terapêutica.; Chronic drug treatments with simvastatin may be expensive to patients, favoring the use of manipulated pharmaceutical forms as an alternative, thus, quality must be ensured. Thus, the study addressed the quality of the reference (R), generics (G1 and G2) and similars (S1 and S2) industrialized tablets, and four pharmacy manipulated capsules (M1-4) of simvastatin by evaluating the average weight, dissolution profile, content of active substance and uniformity of dosage unity. All parameters tested were in accordance with the Pharmacopeias for all dosage forms, except for the uniformity of dosage unity of M4, which presented less than 75% of the expected simvastatin content with relative standard deviation of 10.30 % for three samples. Furthermore, the amount of released sinvastatin was 63.74% within 30 minutes, which is below the recommendation of the American Pharmacopeia. Thus, it was shown the importance to ensure the quality of commercially available medicines avoiding therapeutic inefficacy.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Medicamentos de uso crônico, como a sinvastatina, podem representar ao usuário um custo elevado, propiciando a utilização de medicamentos manipulados como uma alternativa, no entanto a sua qualidade deve ser assegurada. Assim, o trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a qualidade de comprimidos referência (R), genéricos (G1-2) e similares (S1-2) e cápsulas manipuladas (M1-4) de sinvastatina avaliando- se peso médio, perfil de dissolução, doseamento e uniformidade de conteúdo. Os resultados da avaliação da qualidade dos comprimidos industrializados e das cápsulas manipuladas 1-3 estão de acordo com os parâmetros especificados nas Farmacopéias. No entanto, os resultados da uniformidade de conteúdo para a formulação M4 indicaram que 3 amostras apresentaram teor inferior a 75% com DPR de 10,30%. Ainda, a quantidade de sinvastatina liberada foi de 63,74% em 30 minutos não atendendo o recomendado pela Farmacopéia Americana. O trabalho mostrou a importância em assegurar a qualidade dos medicamentos comercializados com o interesse em evitar ineficácia terapêutica. Chronic drug treatments with simvastatin may be expensive to patients, favoring the use of manipulated pharmaceutical forms as an alternative, thus, quality must be ensured. Thus, the study addressed the quality of the reference (R), generics (G1 and G2) and similars (S1 and S2) industrialized tablets, and four pharmacy manipulated capsules (M1-4) of simvastatin by evaluating the average weight, dissolution profile, content of active substance and uniformity of dosage unity. All parameters tested were in accordance with the Pharmacopeias for all dosage forms, except for the uniformity of dosage unity of M4, which presented less than 75% of the expected simvastatin content with relative standard deviation of 10.30 % for three samples. Furthermore, the amount of released sinvastatin was 63.74% within 30 minutes, which is below the recommendation of the American Pharmacopeia. Thus, it was shown the importance to ensure the quality of commercially available medicines avoiding therapeutic inefficacy. Monreal, Maria T.F.D. Gomes, Lenyta O. Cardoso, Teófilo M. Nunes, Camila A. Silva, Igor L. S. Domingues, Elza A. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7778 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Evaluation of rational use of medicines in antimicrobials prescriptions in a university hospital, Brazil Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Realizou-se uma análise da presença de indicadores de uso racional de medicamentos (URM) em prescrições médicas contendo antimicrobianos. As prescrições foram obtidas em prontuários de pacientes internados no setor de Clínica Médica e de prescrições destinadas a pacientes com AIDS em tratamento no Hospital Universitário/CG-UFMS. O estudo de caráter quali-quantitativo foi realizado entre agosto/2007 a maio/2008. Analisou-se no total 258 prescrições. Na Clínica Médica foram prescritos 231 antimicrobianos, sendo os mais utilizados: cefalosporinas, fluorquinolonas, glicopeptídios e licosaminas. Para os pacientes com AIDS obteve-se um total de 171 antimicrobianos, onde os mais prescritos foram: sulfas, antifúngicos e macrolídios. O número de antimicrobianos por paciente foi relativamente reduzido. Dentre os indicadores de URM, advertências e instruções sobre o uso demonstraram elevados índices de ausência nas prescrições. Observou-se que no Setor de Clínica Médica os antimicrobianos de amplo espectro foram utilizados com maior freqüência.; In this study an analysis of the presence of rational use of medicines (RUM) indicators in medical prescriptions containing antimicrobials in a university hospital was carried out. The prescriptions were obtained from patients handbooks that were took into hospital at the Medical Clinic Sector and also from prescriptions destined to AIDS patients that were in treatment at Hospital Universitário/CG-UFMS. The quali-quantitative study was conducted from August/2007 to May/2008 and 258 prescriptions were analised. Two hundred and thirty antimicrobials were prescribed, especially cefalosporins, fluorquinolons, glicopeptides and glycosamines. For AIDS patients 171 antimicrobials were prescribed, the majority being sulphas, antifungic and macrolides. The number of antimicrobials per patient was reduced relatively. Among RUM indicators, warnings and instructions about the usage showed high rates of absence in prescriptions. It was noticed that at the Medical Clinic Sector the broad-spectrum antimicrobials were more frequently used.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Realizou-se uma análise da presença de indicadores de uso racional de medicamentos (URM) em prescrições médicas contendo antimicrobianos. As prescrições foram obtidas em prontuários de pacientes internados no setor de Clínica Médica e de prescrições destinadas a pacientes com AIDS em tratamento no Hospital Universitário/CG-UFMS. O estudo de caráter quali-quantitativo foi realizado entre agosto/2007 a maio/2008. Analisou-se no total 258 prescrições. Na Clínica Médica foram prescritos 231 antimicrobianos, sendo os mais utilizados: cefalosporinas, fluorquinolonas, glicopeptídios e licosaminas. Para os pacientes com AIDS obteve-se um total de 171 antimicrobianos, onde os mais prescritos foram: sulfas, antifúngicos e macrolídios. O número de antimicrobianos por paciente foi relativamente reduzido. Dentre os indicadores de URM, advertências e instruções sobre o uso demonstraram elevados índices de ausência nas prescrições. Observou-se que no Setor de Clínica Médica os antimicrobianos de amplo espectro foram utilizados com maior freqüência. In this study an analysis of the presence of rational use of medicines (RUM) indicators in medical prescriptions containing antimicrobials in a university hospital was carried out. The prescriptions were obtained from patients handbooks that were took into hospital at the Medical Clinic Sector and also from prescriptions destined to AIDS patients that were in treatment at Hospital Universitário/CG-UFMS. The quali-quantitative study was conducted from August/2007 to May/2008 and 258 prescriptions were analised. Two hundred and thirty antimicrobials were prescribed, especially cefalosporins, fluorquinolons, glicopeptides and glycosamines. For AIDS patients 171 antimicrobials were prescribed, the majority being sulphas, antifungic and macrolides. The number of antimicrobials per patient was reduced relatively. Among RUM indicators, warnings and instructions about the usage showed high rates of absence in prescriptions. It was noticed that at the Medical Clinic Sector the broad-spectrum antimicrobials were more frequently used. Villa, Lorenzo A. Chrismar, Ana M. von Oyarzún, Carlos Eujenín, Paloma Fernández, María E. Quezada, Marcela http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7777 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 A pharmaceutical care program for dyslipidemic patients was designed, implemented, and assessed. The study was conducted during 32 weeks, at three Primary Health Care Centers. One hundred and forty two patients were selected. These patients were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Intervention group patients received care twice a month and were surveyed to assess their knowledge about their illness and medications, adherence to drug therapy, and quality of life. Possible drug related problems (DRP) were identified, the most frequent being that medication was not taken according to medical indication. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured every two months, with results showing significant improvements in the intervention group’s total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.0001) and triglycerides (p = 0.009), knowledge of the illness (p < 0.0001), adherence to pharmacological treatment (p < 0.0001), and quality of life (p < 0.0001). Pharmaceutical care prevents and solves drug-related problems and improves patients’ clinical parameters, adherence to medical treatment and quality of life.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A pharmaceutical care program for dyslipidemic patients was designed, implemented, and assessed. The study was conducted during 32 weeks, at three Primary Health Care Centers. One hundred and forty two patients were selected. These patients were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Intervention group patients received care twice a month and were surveyed to assess their knowledge about their illness and medications, adherence to drug therapy, and quality of life. Possible drug related problems (DRP) were identified, the most frequent being that medication was not taken according to medical indication. Total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured every two months, with results showing significant improvements in the intervention group’s total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.0001) and triglycerides (p = 0.009), knowledge of the illness (p < 0.0001), adherence to pharmacological treatment (p < 0.0001), and quality of life (p < 0.0001). Pharmaceutical care prevents and solves drug-related problems and improves patients’ clinical parameters, adherence to medical treatment and quality of life. Oliveira, Bérgson F. Ferreira, Ana E.R. Fialho, Sílvia L. Silva Cunha Júnior, Armando da http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7776 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 W/O/W multiple emulsions containing naltrexone (NTX) hydrochloride were prepared by a two-step emulsification method at 20 ºC. Characterization of the developed system was evaluated and the release kinetics of the drug was determined. The tissue response to the injection of the multiple emulsion in mice was observed by histological analysis. The entrapment efficiency of NTX hydrochloride in W/O/W multiple emulsion was 97.72 ± 0.8 % and the mean diameter of the multiple globules was 18.6 ± 7.7 μm. The main in vitro drug release mechanism observed for the developed system is supposed to be a swellingbreakdown phenomenon after dilution of the emulsions under hypo-osmotic conditions. Biocompatibility studies showed that the multiple emulsion was well tolerated as no significant toxic reaction was observed. The W/O/W multiple emulsion containing NTX hydrochloride may represent a potential alternative dosage form for the treatment of alcohol dependence.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z W/O/W multiple emulsions containing naltrexone (NTX) hydrochloride were prepared by a two-step emulsification method at 20 ºC. Characterization of the developed system was evaluated and the release kinetics of the drug was determined. The tissue response to the injection of the multiple emulsion in mice was observed by histological analysis. The entrapment efficiency of NTX hydrochloride in W/O/W multiple emulsion was 97.72 ± 0.8 % and the mean diameter of the multiple globules was 18.6 ± 7.7 μm. The main in vitro drug release mechanism observed for the developed system is supposed to be a swellingbreakdown phenomenon after dilution of the emulsions under hypo-osmotic conditions. Biocompatibility studies showed that the multiple emulsion was well tolerated as no significant toxic reaction was observed. The W/O/W multiple emulsion containing NTX hydrochloride may represent a potential alternative dosage form for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Tang, Daoquan Yin, Xiaoxin Zhang, Zunjian Gao, Yuanyuan Wei, Yaqin Chen, Yonggang Han, Lin http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7775 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 A new HPLC-DAD method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of five flavonoids (rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorahamnetin) in rat plasma. Sample pretreatment consisted of a liquid–liquid extraction. The five flavonoids was separated on a kromasil C18 column and recorded at 350 nm. The greatest resolution was achieved with methanol-0.1% formic acid gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min^-1 (The correlation coefficients for all the calibration plots (r > 0.999 . showed good linearity over the range tested. The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 7% and 10% for intra and inter-day assays respectively, and average recovery was between 77.2 and 99.2%. The detection limits of this method were between 0.006 and 0.02 μg mL^-1 The method has been . successfully applied to determine drug concentrations in normal and diabetic rat plasma samples and pharmacokinetic of Ginkgo biloba extract

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A new HPLC-DAD method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of five flavonoids (rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, kaempferol, and isorahamnetin) in rat plasma. Sample pretreatment consisted of a liquid–liquid extraction. The five flavonoids was separated on a kromasil C18 column and recorded at 350 nm. The greatest resolution was achieved with methanol-0.1% formic acid gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min^-1 (The correlation coefficients for all the calibration plots (r > 0.999 . showed good linearity over the range tested. The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 7% and 10% for intra and inter-day assays respectively, and average recovery was between 77.2 and 99.2%. The detection limits of this method were between 0.006 and 0.02 μg mL^-1 The method has been . successfully applied to determine drug concentrations in normal and diabetic rat plasma samples and pharmacokinetic of Ginkgo biloba extract Grillo, Renato S. de Melo, Nathalie F. Araújo, Daniele R. de Paula, Eneida de Dias Filho, Newton L. Rosa, André H. Fraceto, Leonardo F. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7774 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Benzocaine (BZC) is an ester-type local anesthetic used mainly in topical, dermal and mucosal formulations. The present work consists of the development and validation of analytical methodology for evaluation of benzocaine content in the micro and nanoparticles produced by biodegradable polymers (polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate and poly-(L-lactide) by HPLC. The validation was done using the reversed-phase C18 column, using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water 50:50 (v/v), flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and UV-vis detector at 285 nm. The results here obtained showed that the analytical methodology is accurate, reproducible, robust and linear over the molar range concentration of 10-100 μM of benzocaine. The limit of quantification and detection was 13.06 μM and 3.92 μM, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of benzocaine in PHBV microspheres and PLA nanocapsule were 40% and 70%, respectively. The method developed was applied in the analysis of benzocaine in micro and nanoparticle systems and showed to be efficient, yielding good results. Here, this method was used to evaluate the encapsulation efficiency of benzocaine and will be used in next studies with different micro/nanoparticle formulations.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Benzocaine (BZC) is an ester-type local anesthetic used mainly in topical, dermal and mucosal formulations. The present work consists of the development and validation of analytical methodology for evaluation of benzocaine content in the micro and nanoparticles produced by biodegradable polymers (polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate and poly-(L-lactide) by HPLC. The validation was done using the reversed-phase C18 column, using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water 50:50 (v/v), flow rate of 1.5 mL/min and UV-vis detector at 285 nm. The results here obtained showed that the analytical methodology is accurate, reproducible, robust and linear over the molar range concentration of 10-100 μM of benzocaine. The limit of quantification and detection was 13.06 μM and 3.92 μM, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of benzocaine in PHBV microspheres and PLA nanocapsule were 40% and 70%, respectively. The method developed was applied in the analysis of benzocaine in micro and nanoparticle systems and showed to be efficient, yielding good results. Here, this method was used to evaluate the encapsulation efficiency of benzocaine and will be used in next studies with different micro/nanoparticle formulations. Chorilli, Marlus Udo, Mariana Sayuri Rodrigues, Luis Alberto Provazi Cavallini, Míriam Elias Leonardi, Gislaine R. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7773 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Sensorial evaluation of sunscreen formulations containing wide spectrum sun filter Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar sensorialmente formulações acrescidas de filtro constituído de metil biobenzotriazolil tetrametilbutil fenol e dióxido de titânio. Foram desenvolvidas formulações de gel-creme, emulsão O/A, gel fluído e gel viscoso, as quais foram estudadas quanto à estabilidade física e por avaliação sensorial com voluntários de ambos os sexos, sendo avaliados atributos como facilidade de espalhar o produto na pele, sensação de pegajosidade, aspecto visual do produto e intenção de compra do mesmo. Verificou-se que todas as formulações apresentaram-se homogêneas e estáveis fisicamente. Quanto à avaliação sensorial, verificou-se que os resultados foram diferentes em relação ao sexo. Os homens relataram que o gel-creme apresentou melhor espalhabilidade, enquanto para as mulheres todas as formulações apresentaram a mesma espalhabilidade. Por outro lado, as mulheres gostaram mais do aspecto visual do gel creme, enquanto os homens relataram que todas as formulações possuíam o mesmo aspecto. Os homens indicaram que o gel-creme foi a formulação mais pegajosa, enquanto as mulheres acharam tanto o gel creme quanto a emulsão O/A pegajosas. Conclui-se que houve diferenças de aceitação para as formulações estudadas; porém, o índice intenção de compra foi bom para todas as formulações, evidenciando que as bases cosméticas não interferiram na intenção de compra do produto.; The objective of this work was to evaluate sensorially formulations containing sun-filter constituted of methyl biobenzotryazolil tethramethylbuthyl phenol and titanium dioxide. There were developed formulations of cream-gel, emulsion O/W, gel and viscous fluid and studied for physical stability as well as for sensorial evaluation with both sex volunteers, being evaluated attributes as easiness to spread the product in the skin, sensation of sticky, visual aspect of the product and intention of purchase it. It could be verified that all formulations appeared as homogeneous and were physically stable. Relarted with sensorial evaluation, the results were different in relation to evaluator´s sex. Men told that the cream-gel spread better, while women considered that all formulations spread in the same way. On the other hand, women appreciated more the visual aspect of cream-gel, while for men all formulations presented the same aspect. Men indicated that the cream-gel was the stickiest formulation, while women found thata both cream-gel and emulsion O/W were equally sticky. It was concluded that there were differences in the acceptance for the studied formulations; however, the purchase intention index was good for all the formulations, evidencing that the cosmetic bases did not influence in the intention of purchase of the product.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar sensorialmente formulações acrescidas de filtro constituído de metil biobenzotriazolil tetrametilbutil fenol e dióxido de titânio. Foram desenvolvidas formulações de gel-creme, emulsão O/A, gel fluído e gel viscoso, as quais foram estudadas quanto à estabilidade física e por avaliação sensorial com voluntários de ambos os sexos, sendo avaliados atributos como facilidade de espalhar o produto na pele, sensação de pegajosidade, aspecto visual do produto e intenção de compra do mesmo. Verificou-se que todas as formulações apresentaram-se homogêneas e estáveis fisicamente. Quanto à avaliação sensorial, verificou-se que os resultados foram diferentes em relação ao sexo. Os homens relataram que o gel-creme apresentou melhor espalhabilidade, enquanto para as mulheres todas as formulações apresentaram a mesma espalhabilidade. Por outro lado, as mulheres gostaram mais do aspecto visual do gel creme, enquanto os homens relataram que todas as formulações possuíam o mesmo aspecto. Os homens indicaram que o gel-creme foi a formulação mais pegajosa, enquanto as mulheres acharam tanto o gel creme quanto a emulsão O/A pegajosas. Conclui-se que houve diferenças de aceitação para as formulações estudadas; porém, o índice intenção de compra foi bom para todas as formulações, evidenciando que as bases cosméticas não interferiram na intenção de compra do produto. The objective of this work was to evaluate sensorially formulations containing sun-filter constituted of methyl biobenzotryazolil tethramethylbuthyl phenol and titanium dioxide. There were developed formulations of cream-gel, emulsion O/W, gel and viscous fluid and studied for physical stability as well as for sensorial evaluation with both sex volunteers, being evaluated attributes as easiness to spread the product in the skin, sensation of sticky, visual aspect of the product and intention of purchase it. It could be verified that all formulations appeared as homogeneous and were physically stable. Relarted with sensorial evaluation, the results were different in relation to evaluator´s sex. Men told that the cream-gel spread better, while women considered that all formulations spread in the same way. On the other hand, women appreciated more the visual aspect of cream-gel, while for men all formulations presented the same aspect. Men indicated that the cream-gel was the stickiest formulation, while women found thata both cream-gel and emulsion O/W were equally sticky. It was concluded that there were differences in the acceptance for the studied formulations; however, the purchase intention index was good for all the formulations, evidencing that the cosmetic bases did not influence in the intention of purchase of the product. Dutra, Rafael C. Pittella, Federico Ferreira, Aline S. Larcher, Priscila Farias, Rogério E. Barbosa, Nádia R. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7772 2012-05-03T01:50:46Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Healing effect of Pterodon emarginatus seeds in experimental models of cutaneous ulcers in rabbits Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a cicatrização de queimaduras cutâneas em coelhos com aplicação tópica de cremes à base de óleo essencial (OE) e fração hexânica (FH) obtidos das sementes de Pterodon emarginatus. O OE foi extraído em Clevenger por 4 h e a FH obtida por Soxhlet. Coelhos albinos da Nova Zelândia (machos, 1,5-2,0 kg) foram divididos em 2 grupos (n = 5/grupo): OE (5 e 10%) e FH (10 e 20%). As feridas foram analisadas macro e microscopicamente durante 10 dias. O estudo histológico em lâminas coradas com HE considerou o número de fibroblastos, células inflamatórias, vasos sanguíneos e área de colágeno. O creme contendo OE (5 e 10%) e FH 10% apresentaram atividade cicatrizante, com significante diminuição no número de células inflamatórias (22 ± 3,81; 20 ± 1,91 e 25 ± 2,28), aumento no número de fibroblastos (31 ± 2,25; 28 ± 3,70 e 25 ± 3,22 ) e vasos sanguíneos (0,8 ± 0,48; 2,3 ± 0,25 e 1,9 ± 0,62), respectivamente. Estes resultados sugerem que o uso tópico dos cremes contendo OE e FH apresentam efeito significativo na cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas na pele de coelhos, podendo justificar sua utilização na medicina popular.; The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound-healing in cutaneous tissue of rabbits by a topical application of cream containing essential oil (EO) and hexanic fraction (HF) obtained from Pterodon emarginatus seeds. The EO was extracted by Clevenger-type apparatus for 4h and the HF obtained by Soxhlet. New Zealand rabbits (male: 1.5-2,0 kg) were divided in 2 groups (n = 5/group): EO (5 and 10%) and HF (10 and 20%). The wounds were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically for 10 days. The histological cuts were stained with HE and the analyses were performed considering the number of fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, blood vessels and areas of collagen. The cream containing EO (5 and 10%) and 10% HF showed cicatrizant effect, with a significant decrease in the number of inflammatory cells (22 ± 3.81; 20 ± 1.91 and 25 ± 2.28), an increase in the number of fibroblasts (31 ± 2.25, 28 ± 3.70 and 25 ± 3.22) and blood vessels (0.8 ± 0.48; 2.3 ± 0.25 and 1.9 ± 0.62), respectively. These results suggest that the use of topical creams with EO and HF had a significant effect on healing in cutaneous ulcers on the skin of rabbits. It might justify its use in folk medicine.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a cicatrização de queimaduras cutâneas em coelhos com aplicação tópica de cremes à base de óleo essencial (OE) e fração hexânica (FH) obtidos das sementes de Pterodon emarginatus. O OE foi extraído em Clevenger por 4 h e a FH obtida por Soxhlet. Coelhos albinos da Nova Zelândia (machos, 1,5-2,0 kg) foram divididos em 2 grupos (n = 5/grupo): OE (5 e 10%) e FH (10 e 20%). As feridas foram analisadas macro e microscopicamente durante 10 dias. O estudo histológico em lâminas coradas com HE considerou o número de fibroblastos, células inflamatórias, vasos sanguíneos e área de colágeno. O creme contendo OE (5 e 10%) e FH 10% apresentaram atividade cicatrizante, com significante diminuição no número de células inflamatórias (22 ± 3,81; 20 ± 1,91 e 25 ± 2,28), aumento no número de fibroblastos (31 ± 2,25; 28 ± 3,70 e 25 ± 3,22 ) e vasos sanguíneos (0,8 ± 0,48; 2,3 ± 0,25 e 1,9 ± 0,62), respectivamente. Estes resultados sugerem que o uso tópico dos cremes contendo OE e FH apresentam efeito significativo na cicatrização de úlceras cutâneas na pele de coelhos, podendo justificar sua utilização na medicina popular. The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound-healing in cutaneous tissue of rabbits by a topical application of cream containing essential oil (EO) and hexanic fraction (HF) obtained from Pterodon emarginatus seeds. The EO was extracted by Clevenger-type apparatus for 4h and the HF obtained by Soxhlet. New Zealand rabbits (male: 1.5-2,0 kg) were divided in 2 groups (n = 5/group): EO (5 and 10%) and HF (10 and 20%). The wounds were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically for 10 days. The histological cuts were stained with HE and the analyses were performed considering the number of fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, blood vessels and areas of collagen. The cream containing EO (5 and 10%) and 10% HF showed cicatrizant effect, with a significant decrease in the number of inflammatory cells (22 ± 3.81; 20 ± 1.91 and 25 ± 2.28), an increase in the number of fibroblasts (31 ± 2.25, 28 ± 3.70 and 25 ± 3.22) and blood vessels (0.8 ± 0.48; 2.3 ± 0.25 and 1.9 ± 0.62), respectively. These results suggest that the use of topical creams with EO and HF had a significant effect on healing in cutaneous ulcers on the skin of rabbits. It might justify its use in folk medicine. Correia, Ana R.F. Mota, Daniel Marques Arrais, Paulo S. D. Monteiro, Miriam P. Coelho, Helena Lutescia Luna http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7771 2012-05-03T01:50:47Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Definition of indicators for the evaluation of the pharmaceutical assistance in the public network of Fortaleza, Ceará (Brazil) based on methods of consensus Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 O artigo descreve a definição de indicadores para avaliação da Assistência Farmacêutica (AF) em Fortaleza-Ceará (Brasil) combinando a fundamentação teórico-científica com métodos de consenso para a definição de indicadores de Estrutura, Processo e Resultado em nível de Macrogestão e atenção básica de saúde (ABS), conforme a validade presumida para a realidade local, critérios e padrões comparativos. Para a Macrogestão foram pactuados 33 (50%) indicadores de Estrutura, 26 (39%) de Processo e 7 (11%) de Resultado. Na ABS foram 7 (35%) de Estrutura, 7 (35%) de Processo e 6 (30%) indicadores de Resultado. O estudo evidenciou o desafio na definição de indicadores para avaliação da AF em diferentes níveis de gestão do sistema de saúde.; This paper describes the definition of indicators for the evaluation of the Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in Fortaleza-Ceará (Brazil) from the combination of the theoretical-scientific fundamentals with consensus methods for the definition of indicators for Structure, Process and Outcome in "Macrogestão" level of basic care and health (ABS) as the validity presumed to local reality, criteria and comparative standards. For "Macrogestão" were agreed 33 (50%) indicators of Structure, 26 (39%) of Procedure and 7 (11%) of profit. In ABS were 7 (35%) of Structure, 7 (35%) of Procedure and 6 (30%) indicators of profit. The study highlighted the challenge to establish indicators for assessing AF at different levels of management of the health system.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z O artigo descreve a definição de indicadores para avaliação da Assistência Farmacêutica (AF) em Fortaleza-Ceará (Brasil) combinando a fundamentação teórico-científica com métodos de consenso para a definição de indicadores de Estrutura, Processo e Resultado em nível de Macrogestão e atenção básica de saúde (ABS), conforme a validade presumida para a realidade local, critérios e padrões comparativos. Para a Macrogestão foram pactuados 33 (50%) indicadores de Estrutura, 26 (39%) de Processo e 7 (11%) de Resultado. Na ABS foram 7 (35%) de Estrutura, 7 (35%) de Processo e 6 (30%) indicadores de Resultado. O estudo evidenciou o desafio na definição de indicadores para avaliação da AF em diferentes níveis de gestão do sistema de saúde. This paper describes the definition of indicators for the evaluation of the Pharmaceutical Assistance (PA) in Fortaleza-Ceará (Brazil) from the combination of the theoretical-scientific fundamentals with consensus methods for the definition of indicators for Structure, Process and Outcome in "Macrogestão" level of basic care and health (ABS) as the validity presumed to local reality, criteria and comparative standards. For "Macrogestão" were agreed 33 (50%) indicators of Structure, 26 (39%) of Procedure and 7 (11%) of profit. In ABS were 7 (35%) of Structure, 7 (35%) of Procedure and 6 (30%) indicators of profit. The study highlighted the challenge to establish indicators for assessing AF at different levels of management of the health system. Zatta, Daniel T. Oliveira, Flávia N. M. Bara, María Teresa. F. Rezende, Maria H. Barbosa, Lília C. S. Garrote, Clévia F.D. Tresvenzol, Leonice M.F. Fiuza, Tatiana S. Paula, José R. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7770 2012-05-03T01:50:47Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Leaf morpho-anatomy and quality parameters of Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) é conhecida popularmente como carobinha ou caroba-docampo e utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de infecções, reumatismo e como depurativo do sangue. Este trabalho teve por objetivo fazer o estudo farmacognóstico das folhas de J. decurrens. Com esse intuito, o material vegetal constituído por folhas foi coletado em Senador Canedo e submetido à s análises macroscópicas e microscópicas e à triagem fitoquímica. Pôde-se verificar nas folhas grande quantidade de tricomas tectores e estômatos anomocíticos na epiderme abaxial. A epiderme adaxial das folhas apresentou em vista frontal células epidérmicas de tamanhos variados com paredes anticlinais espessadas e sinuosas. Na triagem fitoquímica foram detectados compostos fenólicos, flavonóides, esteróides, triterpenos, saponinas, amido, cumarinas e resinas. Foram encontrados os seguintes valores para os teores de umidade, cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido: 7,43%, 7,75% e 0,53%, respectivamente. Esses resultados são parâmetros importantes para o controle de qualidade dessa matéria-prima vegetal.; Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as carobinha or caroba-do-campo and used in folk medicine for the treatment of infections, rheumatism and as a blood depurative. The purpose of this work was to perform a pharmacognostic study of the J. decurrens leaves. To that end, the botanical material collected in Senador Canedo, was submitted to macroscopic and microscopic analysis as well as phytochemical screening. Large amounts of tector trichomes and anomocytic stomata were noted on the epidermis of the abaxial leaf surface. The frontal view of the adaxial epidermis of the leaves presented epidermal cells of varying sizes with thick and sinuous anticlinal cell walls. The phytochemical screening detected phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, starch, coumarins and resins. The humidity, total ash and acid insolubles contents were respectively 7.43%, 7.75% and 0.53%. These results are important parameters for the quality control of the vegetal raw material.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) é conhecida popularmente como carobinha ou caroba-docampo e utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de infecções, reumatismo e como depurativo do sangue. Este trabalho teve por objetivo fazer o estudo farmacognóstico das folhas de J. decurrens. Com esse intuito, o material vegetal constituído por folhas foi coletado em Senador Canedo e submetido à s análises macroscópicas e microscópicas e à triagem fitoquímica. Pôde-se verificar nas folhas grande quantidade de tricomas tectores e estômatos anomocíticos na epiderme abaxial. A epiderme adaxial das folhas apresentou em vista frontal células epidérmicas de tamanhos variados com paredes anticlinais espessadas e sinuosas. Na triagem fitoquímica foram detectados compostos fenólicos, flavonóides, esteróides, triterpenos, saponinas, amido, cumarinas e resinas. Foram encontrados os seguintes valores para os teores de umidade, cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido: 7,43%, 7,75% e 0,53%, respectivamente. Esses resultados são parâmetros importantes para o controle de qualidade dessa matéria-prima vegetal. Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) is popularly known in Brazil as carobinha or caroba-do-campo and used in folk medicine for the treatment of infections, rheumatism and as a blood depurative. The purpose of this work was to perform a pharmacognostic study of the J. decurrens leaves. To that end, the botanical material collected in Senador Canedo, was submitted to macroscopic and microscopic analysis as well as phytochemical screening. Large amounts of tector trichomes and anomocytic stomata were noted on the epidermis of the abaxial leaf surface. The frontal view of the adaxial epidermis of the leaves presented epidermal cells of varying sizes with thick and sinuous anticlinal cell walls. The phytochemical screening detected phenolic compounds, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, starch, coumarins and resins. The humidity, total ash and acid insolubles contents were respectively 7.43%, 7.75% and 0.53%. These results are important parameters for the quality control of the vegetal raw material. Luo, Chengfeng Mu, Yuan Chen, Minsheng Liu, Shiming Zhu, Liu Liu, Xiawen http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7769 2012-05-03T01:50:47Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 28, no. 3 A simple, rapid, sensitive and selective method of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was developed for determination of puerarin in rat plasma. Chromatography was carried out on a reversed-phase Hypersil ODS column at 30 °C using a mobile phase consisting of methanol - 50 mM NH4OAc in water (23:77, v/v) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength were 250nm and 480nm, respectively, PMT-gain was set at 11. The method was demonstrated to be selective and sensitive, and a good linear response was observed over a range of 0.16–120.00 μg/mL in rat plasma. The validated method was successfully applied to the characterization of the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rat plasma after intravenous administration to rats. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC_0→t 41.94 ± 12.90 (mg/L•h), AUC_{0→∞} 44.37 ± 28.90 (mg/L•h), MRT 0.97 ± 0.37 (h), T_1/2 1.06 ± 0.39 (h), Vss 0.09 ± 0.02 (L), Vz 0.14 ± 0.03 (L), Cl 0.10 ± 0.05 (L/h).

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z A simple, rapid, sensitive and selective method of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was developed for determination of puerarin in rat plasma. Chromatography was carried out on a reversed-phase Hypersil ODS column at 30 °C using a mobile phase consisting of methanol - 50 mM NH4OAc in water (23:77, v/v) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The excitation wavelength and emission wavelength were 250nm and 480nm, respectively, PMT-gain was set at 11. The method was demonstrated to be selective and sensitive, and a good linear response was observed over a range of 0.16–120.00 μg/mL in rat plasma. The validated method was successfully applied to the characterization of the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rat plasma after intravenous administration to rats. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC_0→t 41.94 ± 12.90 (mg/L•h), AUC_{0→∞} 44.37 ± 28.90 (mg/L•h), MRT 0.97 ± 0.37 (h), T_1/2 1.06 ± 0.39 (h), Vss 0.09 ± 0.02 (L), Vz 0.14 ± 0.03 (L), Cl 0.10 ± 0.05 (L/h).