Perfil epidemiológico y caracterización de lesiones de caries, de los pacientes que asisten a la Asignatura de Operatoria Dental A, perteneciente al Hospital Escuela de la FOUNLP, durante el período Abril 2022 - Julio 2023

Abstract

En el presente trabajo, presentamos los resultados obtenidos durante el periodo comprendido entre los meses de abril 2022- julio 2023, a lo largo de la puesta en marcha de un estudio no experimental de tipo mixto cualitativo - cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, sobre los pacientes que concurrieron a la Asignatura de Operatoria dental A. Como instrumento de recolección de datos, se utilizaron los registros únicos (Historias clínicas) desarrollados por los estudiantes regulares de la asignatura, supervisados y validados por el cuerpo de profesores y auxiliares docentes. Se midieron variables socio epidemiológicas demográficas. Como criterios de inclusión se tomaron pacientes que fueron atendidos por estudiantes de 4° y 5°año de la carrera. Viéndonos incentivados en la realización del presente proyecto de investigación, considerando que la caries dental, es una de las dos enfermedades más prevalentes de la cavidad bucal. Siendo la misma una enfermedad crónica evitable, acumulativa, cuyas secuelas tienen impacto en el largo plazo. Distintos estudios epidemiológicos sugieren que la distribución de dicha enfermedad no es uniforme en las distintas poblaciones. Teniendo como objetivo, conocer el perfil socio epidemiológico y caracterización de lesiones de caries en los pacientes que asisten a la Asignatura de Operatoria Dental A FOUNLP.

Introduction: Since dental caries is the most prevalent problem in oral health, different epidemiological studies suggest that the distribution of said disease is not uniform in the different populations. Objectives: To know the socio-epidemiological profile and characterization of caries lesions in patients who They attend the A FOUNLP Dental Operative Course. Materials and Methods: Non-experimental mixed qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, obtaining a simple random probabilistic sample of n= 400 randomly obtained. As a data collection instrument, the unique records (clinical histories) developed by the regular students of the subject were used. Demographic socio-epidemiological variables were measured. As inclusion criteria, patients who were attended by 4th and 5th grade students were taken. year of the degree, during the period April 2022-July 2023. Results: The gender variable observes a preponderance of the female gender. For the age variable, they were grouped with a width of 5 years, detecting a minimum of 15 years, a maximum of 55 years, range 50; wide dispersion. The first third of the sample (15 to 27 years) represents 64% of the samples. The influx of patients is represented by an area of influence within the province of Buenos Aires, distributed in 19 districts and 35 localities. Conclusion: The patients who attend the Dental Operative Course A (Hospital School of the Faculty of Dentistry of the UNLP); they are characterized by being young adults mostly of female gender perception. Argentines, residents of the Province of Buenos Aires, in urban conglomerates of neighboring parties with an average distance of 90 minutes of travel. In relation to the characteristics of his oral state, a very high caries component is observed, which shows a real need for dental treatment, to reduce the impact that caries lesions have, in the long term.