The specific delivery of the therapeutic constituents of a drug to an organ, a tissue, or unhealthy cells using carriers is one of the major challenges in therapeutic research. Synthetic amphiphilic polymers have been widely developed over the last decades in order to form self-assembled polymer vesicles (polymersomes) which mimic lipid vesicles (liposomes). Polymersomes are more stable, more robust, and less permeable than liposomes thanks to the high molecular weight of polymers.