Volumen 36 | Número 02

Cuadernos de Herpetología | Volumen 36 | Número 2

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Edicion de revista Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Trabajos - Dos nuevas especies del grupo Pristimantis boulengeri (Anura: Strabomantidae) de la cuenca alta del río Napo, Ecuador | Patricia Bejarano-Muñoz, Santiago R. Ron, María José Navarrete, Mario H. Yánez-Muñoz - Parasitic helminths in Boana pulchella (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae) and their relation with host diet, body size, and habitat | Emily Costa Silveira, Carolina Silveira Mascarenhas, Sônia Huckembeck, Gertrud Müller, Daniel Loebmann - DNA barcoding in Neotropical tadpoles: evaluation of 16S rRNA gene for the identification of anuran larvae from northeastern Brazil | Marcos J. Matias Dubeux, Filipe A. Cavalcanti do Nascimento, Larissa L. Correia, Tamí Mott - Herpeto-commerce: A look at the illegal online trade of amphibians and reptiles in Brazil | Ibrahim Kamel Rodrigues Nehemy, Thayllon Orzechowsky Gomes, Fernanda Paiva, Wesley Kauan Kubo, João Emílio de Almeida Júnior, Nathan Fernandes Neves, Vinicius de Avelar São Pedro - Exploring the morphological diversity of Patagonian clades of Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae). Integrative study and the description of two new species | Fernando Lobo, Diego Andrés Barrasso, Soledad Valdecantos, Alejandro R. Giraudo, Diego Omar Di Pietro, Néstor G. Basso Notas - First record of myiasis in Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae) by Diptera | Bryan da Cunha Martins, Leandro Silva Barbosa, Rafael Scherrer Mathielo - New additions to the anuran fauna of the Cancão Municipal Natural Park, Serra do Navio, state of Amapá, Brazil | Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos, Patrick Ribeiro Sanches, Fillipe Pedroso-Santos, Vinicius A. M. B. de Figueiredo, Rodrigo Tavares-Pinheiro - Amelanism in Amphisbaena darwinii Duméril & Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae) | Carolina L. Paiva, Mateo Cocimano, Ricardo Montero, Henrique C. Costa - Hidden among bromeliads in the Brazilian semiarid: first records of Phyllopezus lutzae for the Caatinga domain and its predation by Tropidurus hispidus | Alcéster Diego Coelho-Lima, Oberdan Coutinho Nunes, George Washington Neves Soares, Tarcísio Jesus Santana, Ericarla Barbosa Santana, Alexandre Magno Pais Araújo, Elaine Larissa Cardoso Lima, Vashtir Ramalho dos Santos Braga, Cristiano Eduardo Amaral Silveira-Júnior, Arthur de Souza Magalhães, Lyse Panelli de Castro Meira, Maria José Pereira Fernandes, Daniel Cunha Passos Novedades zoogeográficas - Novos registros dos lagartos Ameivula cipoensis Arias et al., 2014, Enyalius capetinga Breitman et al., 2018, Psilops paeminosus (Rodrigues, 1991) e Tupinambis quadrilineatus Manzani & Abe, 1997 (Squamata) para o estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, através da ciência cidadã | Henrique J. Oliveira, Henrique C. Costa

Hidden among bromeliads in the Brazilian semiarid: first records of Phyllopezus lutzae for the Caatinga domain and its predation by Tropidurus hispidus

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Comunicacion Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 During wildlife rescue and monitoring activities, we recorded 142 individuals of Phyllopezus lutzae in the municipalities of Tucano and Nova Soure, state of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. These records are the first of this species in the Caatinga domain. Moreover, an adult individual of Tropidurus hispidus was recorded attempting to subdue an adult P. lutzae. Beyond to expand the known distribution range of the species, our records show that P. lutzae inhabits an ecological and climate domain different from Atlantic Forest where it was previously known, and that it is a potential prey of T. hispidus.

Novos registros dos lagartos Ameivula cipoensis Arias et al., 2014, Enyalius capetinga Breitman et al., 2018, Psilops paeminosus (Rodrigues, 1991) e Tupinambis quadrilineatus Manzani & Abe, 1997 (Squamata) para o estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, através da ciência cidadã

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Comunicacion Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Nós detectamos novas ocorrências para quatro espécies de lagartos no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil: Ameivula cipoensis, Enyalius capetinga, Psilops paeminosus e Tupinambis quadrilineatus. Além disso, atualizamos o mapa de distribuição de todas as espécies com base em dados da literatura

Amelanism in Amphisbaena darwinii Duméril & Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Amphisbaenidae)

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Comunicacion Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Color anomalies are rarely reported in Amphisbaenia. We present the first record of amelanism in this group based on a specimen of Amphisbaena darwinii from Argentina. The photos were uploaded to a citizen science platform, reinforcing the positive impact of citizen science to filling gaps in our knowledge about biodiversity.

New additions to the anuran fauna of the Cancão Municipal Natural Park, Serra do Navio, state of Amapá, Brazil

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Comunicacion Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Twelve species of anurans (Amazophrynella teko, Rhinella castaneotica, Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii, H. tricolor, Pristimantis gutturalis, P. inguinalis, Ranitomeya variabilis, Osteocephalus leprieurii, Scinax proboscideus, Leptodactylus petersii, Chiasmocleis hudsoni, Synapturanus mirandaribeiroi), into the seven families (Bufonidae, Centrolenidae, Craugastoridae, Dendrobatidae, Hylidae, Leptodactylidae, Microhylidae) are reported for the first time from Cancão Municipal Natural Park, state of Amapá, North Brazil. The total number of species of anurans known from the park now stands at 61 species. Our results contribute to an increase in the knowledge of the anuran fauna of Eastern Amazonia and Guiana Shield.

First record of myiasis in Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae) by Diptera

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Comunicacion Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Myiasis is a parasitic disease caused by some species of Diptera, whose larvae feed on their host’s tissues. Records of myiasis in Brazilian anurans are scarce in the literature with single records in 12 species divided into 5 families. We report herein the observation of the first case of myiasis in the frog Physalaemus cuvieri from an individual found dead.

Exploring the morphological diversity of Patagonian clades of Phymaturus (Iguania: Liolaemidae): integrative study and the description of two new species

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Articulo Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 In the present contribution, we revisited the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships within the somuncurensis and spurcus clades of Phymaturus lizards. Based on 296 morphological characters and DNA sequences, we evaluated the taxonomic species status of each clade and of two populations sampled in a field trip. Based on this evidence, we describe two new taxa for the genus. We also studied the species recently described for Chubut province, we analyzed their phylogenetic relationships, and compared them with other Patagonian species. Here, we provide data of color in life, squamation, and measurements, and compare in detail the new taxa to other members of their respective clades. We found that the somuncurensis clade comprises nine species (plus two other candidate ones) distributed mostly peripherally to the Somuncurá plateau, and present on the margins of it in isolated creeks and small mountain chains. Recent molecular studies arrived to different conclusions about the taxonomic validity of closely related species of the spurcus clade of Phymaturus lizards. We decided to revisit this group and contribute with a more complete analysis for two reasons: none of these studies revisited carefully the overall morphology and type series, and the only article that revisited this complex of species studied only one color pattern character, without providing voucher information (matching color types-collection specimens-DNA samples-sites). We studied the type series of all species, revisited characters taken from squamation and measurements, revised the color pattern of all terminals, and performed statistical analysis. Our results discovered statistically significant characters, which provide enough morphological support to consider all species of the group as valid in congruence to the multilocus analysis that combined mitochondrial and nuclear data published recently. We also provide discrete color pattern characters that help to adequately differentiate these species.; En la presente contribución, revisamos la taxonomía y las relaciones filogenéticas dentro de los clados somuncurensis y spurcus de las lagartijas del género Phymaturus. Con base en 296 caracteres morfológicos y secuencias de ADN, evaluamos el estado taxonómico de las especies de cada clado y de dos poblaciones muestreadas en un viaje de campo. Con base en este cuerpo de evidencia, describimos dos nuevos taxones. También estudiamos las especies recientemente descritas para la provincia de Chubut, analizamos sus relaciones filogenéticas y las comparamos con otras especies patagónicas. Aquí proporcionamos datos de color en vida, escamación y medidas, y comparamos en detalle los nuevos taxones con otros miembros de sus respectivos clados. El clado somuncurensis comprende nueve especies descriptas (más otras dos candidatas) distribuidas principalmente en la periferia de la meseta de Somuncurá, presentes en quebradas aisladas y pequeñas cadenas montañosas. Estudios moleculares recientes llegaron a diferentes conclusiones sobre la validez taxonómica de especies estrechamente relacionadas dentro del clado spurcus de Phymaturus. Decidimos revisar este grupo y contribuir con un análisis más completo por dos razones: ninguno de estos estudios revisó cuidadosamente la morfología general y las series tipos, y el único artículo que revisó este complejo de especies estudió solo un carácter de patrón de color, sin proporcionar información sobre vouchers (coincidencia de tipos de color-especímenes de recolección-muestras de ADN-lugares). Estudiamos la serie tipo de todas las especies, revisamos los caracteres tomados de la escamación y las medidas, revisamos el patrón de color de todos los terminales y realizamos análisis estadísticos. Nuestros resultados descubrieron caracteres estadísticamente significativos, que brindan suficiente apoyo morfológico para considerar válidas todas las especies en congruencia con el análisis multilocus que combinó datos mitocondriales y nucleares publicado hace poco tiempo. También proporcionamos caracteres de patrones de color discretos que ayudan a diferenciar adecuadamente estas especies.

Herpeto-commerce: a look at the illegal online trade of amphibians and reptiles in Brazil

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Articulo Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 The illegal sale of fauna and flora represents the third-largest illegal trade in the world. Social media has contributed considerably to the increase in this type of trade. We searched for posts announcing the sale of amphibians and reptiles in seven Facebook® groups (three public and four private groups) from 01 January 2019 to 31 July 2020. In total, we found 548 posts made by a total of 201 social network profiles announcing the sale of 1,049 animals. We found 58 herpetofauna species being traded in the network (15 amphibian and 43 reptile species). Most of the sale advertisements originated in Southeast Brazil, predominantly from the state of São Paulo. The most traded species were Pantherophis guttatus (N= 467), Eublepharis macularius (N= 152), and Boa constrictor (N=90). This study presents important data about the illegal herpetofauna trade through Facebook® in Brazil, proving this market is currently fully active. This trade has high growth potential, bringing possible risks to biodiversity and public health. In conclusion, we recommend the implementation of urgent, specific government measures for its regulation and effective inspection.; A venda ilegal de fauna e flora representa o terceiro maior comércio ilegal do mundo. As redes sociais têm contribuído consideravelmente para o aumento deste tipo de comércio. Buscamos postagens anunciando a venda de anfíbios e répteis em sete grupos do Facebook® (três grupos públicos e quatro privados) de 01 de janeiro de 2019 a 31 de julho de 2020. No total, encontramos 548 postagens feitas por um total de 201 perfis de redes sociais anunciando a venda de 1.049 animais. Encontramos 58 espécies de herpetofauna sendo comercializadas na rede (15 espécies de anfíbios e 43 espécies de répteis). A maior parte dos anúncios de venda teve origem no Sudeste do Brasil, predominantemente no estado de São Paulo. As espécies mais comercializadas foram Pantherophis guttatus (N= 467), Eublepharis macularius (N= 152) e Boa constrictor (N=90). Este estudo apresenta dados importantes sobre o comércio ilegal de herpetofauna através do Facebook® no Brasil, comprovando que este mercado está atualmente em plena atividade. Esse comércio tem alto potencial de crescimento, trazendo possíveis riscos á biodiversidade e á saúde pública. Em conclusão, recomendamos a implementação de medidas governamentais urgentes e específicas para sua regulamentação e fiscalização efetiva.

DNA barcoding in Neotropical tadpoles: evaluation of 16S rRNA gene for the identification of anuran larvae from northeastern Brazil

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Articulo Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 The challenge in studying Neotropical tadpoles is identifying species using only their external morphology. However, the DNA barcode protocol is often implemented to help elucidate taxonomic issues. In fact, the identification of frogs through their unknown tadpoles has already been achieved accurately using this protocol. Despite the successful application of this tool, the efficiency of the 16S rRNA gene as a DNA barcode for Neotropical tadpoles has not been fully assessed. Herein we evaluate the efficacy of the 16S rRNA gene for identifying tadpoles from northeastern Brazil. Samples of 100 tadpole specimens from 12 locations were analyzed. The DNA sequences were individually submitted to a BLAST search and were then aligned with a matrix containing available sequences in the GenBank based on the anurans known to occur in the study area. The 16S rRNA fragment successfully identified the analyzed anuran species. Based on DNA barcoding, 8% of the tadpoles morphologically identified at the species level were incorrect. When an incongruence between morphological and molecular identifications was detected, the morphology of the target morphotype was reexamined, and previously neglected morphological characteristics were identified. DNA barcoding using the 16S rRNA gene facilitated the assessment of tadpole richness in northeastern Brazil. This DNA protocol can be used as a starting point for detecting high levels of genetic divergence, highlighting potential taxa that should be studied from phylogenetic and taxonomic perspectives.

Parasitic helminths in Boana pulchella (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) (Anura: Hylidae) and their relation with host diet, body size, and habitat

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Articulo Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 We analyzed the diet and helminthological fauna of the frog Boana pulchella from the extreme south of Brazil. A total of 100 males were collected from two wetland areas in the state of Rio Grande do Sul: Ilha dos Marinheiros (n = 50) in the Rio Grande municipality, and the UFPel/ Embrapa (n = 50) in the Capão do Leão municipality. Boana pulchella food items and helminths found in different organs were identified and quantified. We analyzed the relationship between helminth assemblage and host diet, body size, and sampling sites. Boana pulchella presented a generalist diet, composed mainly of terrestrial insects, with diet richness higher at Ilha dos Marinheiros. Helminth fauna was composed of Nematoda, Cestoda, Digenea, and Acanthocephala, with no difference in helminth richness and abundance between sampling sites. However, the abundance of helminths presented a significant correlation with the volume of items found in the gastrointestinal contents of the anurans from UFPel/Embrapa-CL. Although for some helminth taxa there were significant differences in prevalence and mean intensity of infection among host size classes, the GLM (generalized linear model) between helminth abundance and anuran SVL (snout-vent length) was not significant. Oxyascaris oxyascaris, Cosmocercinae gen. spp., Ochoterenella sp., Diplostomidae gen. spp., Pseudoacanthocephalus sp., and Centrorhynchus sp. were the main taxa constituting the helminth assemblage associated to B. pulchella males at the sampling sites. The occurrence of helminths at larval and adult stages suggests that B. pulchella may occupy different trophic levels in the biological cycles of those helminths. This helminth parasitic fauna associated with B. pulchella is mainly composed of taxa with heteroxenous cycles involving several intermediate and paratenic hosts, which agrees with the observations of a typical generalist anuran diet in this species.

Dos nuevas especies del grupo Pristimantis boulengeri (Anura: Strabomantidae) de la cuenca alta del río Napo, Ecuador

Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Articulo Cuadernos de Herpetología; vol. 36, no. 2 Through the combination of morphological and phylogenetic evidence, we describe two species of Pristimantis from the upper basin of the Napo River. Both species have well-defined dorsolateral folds, a conical tubercle on the eyelid, a papilla on the tip of the snout, weakly expanded discs, and small size (female SVL < 28.2 mm). Pristimantis omarrhynchus sp. nov. differs from its sister species, Pristimantis miltongallardoi sp. nov., by the absence of iridophores on the belly, subacuminate snout in dorsal view, and narrow digits. Our phylogeny and morphological evidence, are conclusive in assigning them to the Pristimantis boulengeri species group, closely related to P. boulengeri, P. cryptopictus, P. dorspictus, and P. brevifrons. The new species are the first reported for the P. boulengeri group in Ecuador and the Amazon basin. We also comment on the correct identity of GenBank sequences previously assigned to P. thymelensis and P. myersi.; A través de la combinación de evidencia morfológica y filogenética describimos dos especies de Pristimantis de la cuenca alta del río Napo. Las dos especies presentan pliegues dorsolaterales bien definidos, un tubérculo cónico en el párpado, una papila en la punta del hocico, discos poco dilatados y tamaño pequeño (hembras LRC < 28,2 mm). Pristimantis omarrhynchus sp. nov. se diferencia de su especie hermana, Pristimantis miltongallardoi sp. nov., por la ausencia de iridóforos en el vientre, hocico subacuminado en vista dorsal y dígitos estrechos. Nuestra filogenia, en combinación con la evidencia morfológica, son concluyentes para asignarlas al grupo de especies Pristimantis boulengeri y cercanamente relacionadas a P. boulengeri, P. cryptopictus, P. dorspictus y P. brevifrons. Las nuevas especies son las primeras reportadas para el grupo P. boulengeri en el Ecuador y la cuenca amazónica. También comentamos la identidad correcta de secuencias GenBank previamente asignadas a P. thymelensis y P. myersi.