http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/210 Sun, 15 Nov 2026 06:14:42 GMT 2026-11-15T06:14:42Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7503 Contribucion a revista Recommendations for the elaboration of a protocol of bioequivalence study in an independent center Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 La evaluación de la bioequivalencia es un procedimiento dentro del análisis de medicamentos que permite comparar el desempeño in vivo de distintos productos farmacéuticos. Para su realización, las autoridades sanitarias que regulan las investigaciones clínicas con medicamentos exigen la presentación del protocolo correspondiente, junto con la autorización del Comité de Docencia e Investigación del Centro donde se realizará el estudio y de un Comité de Ética independiente, entre otros documentos. En esta publicación se brinda una serie de pautas a tener en cuenta por los investigadores independientes a la hora de diseñar un protocolo de un estudio de Bioequivalencia (BE). Se resumen aquellos aspectos que se consideran más importantes, como por ejemplo la información general y clínica a incluir, así como la estructura en particular que debe tener un protocolo, resaltándose los aspectos éticos que posee este tipo de estudio donde se incluyen a voluntarios sanos. En qué consiste un consentimiento informado, cómo se determina el número de voluntarios, cuáles son los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de los mismos, cómo se debe armar un cronograma de muestreo, cómo analizar las muestras biológicas y qué criterios estadísticos se siguen para determinar BE, son algunos de los puntos desarrollados en el trabajo.; Determination of bioequivalence is a procedure included into the pharmaceutical product evaluation, used for determining if two products meet the same or comparable in vivo effects. National drug regulatory authorities require that clinical trials should be carried out in accordance with a written protocol. This protocol and other relevant documentation should be reviewed from a scientific and ethical focus - point by one or more review bodies, e.g. institutional review board, peer review committee, ethics committee or drug regulatory authority, constituted appropriately for this purpose and independent of the investigators and sponsor. In this work we provided a guidelines for the design of an appropriate in vivo bioequivalence study protocol. Guideliness included general and clinical information, ethical principles, selection of subjects, clear criteria for inclusion and exclusion, general study design, validation of the bioanalytical method, statistical analysis, acceptance criteria, acceptance ranges and other important aspects. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7503 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z La evaluación de la bioequivalencia es un procedimiento dentro del análisis de medicamentos que permite comparar el desempeño in vivo de distintos productos farmacéuticos. Para su realización, las autoridades sanitarias que regulan las investigaciones clínicas con medicamentos exigen la presentación del protocolo correspondiente, junto con la autorización del Comité de Docencia e Investigación del Centro donde se realizará el estudio y de un Comité de Ética independiente, entre otros documentos. En esta publicación se brinda una serie de pautas a tener en cuenta por los investigadores independientes a la hora de diseñar un protocolo de un estudio de Bioequivalencia (BE). Se resumen aquellos aspectos que se consideran más importantes, como por ejemplo la información general y clínica a incluir, así como la estructura en particular que debe tener un protocolo, resaltándose los aspectos éticos que posee este tipo de estudio donde se incluyen a voluntarios sanos. En qué consiste un consentimiento informado, cómo se determina el número de voluntarios, cuáles son los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de los mismos, cómo se debe armar un cronograma de muestreo, cómo analizar las muestras biológicas y qué criterios estadísticos se siguen para determinar BE, son algunos de los puntos desarrollados en el trabajo. Determination of bioequivalence is a procedure included into the pharmaceutical product evaluation, used for determining if two products meet the same or comparable in vivo effects. National drug regulatory authorities require that clinical trials should be carried out in accordance with a written protocol. This protocol and other relevant documentation should be reviewed from a scientific and ethical focus - point by one or more review bodies, e.g. institutional review board, peer review committee, ethics committee or drug regulatory authority, constituted appropriately for this purpose and independent of the investigators and sponsor. In this work we provided a guidelines for the design of an appropriate in vivo bioequivalence study protocol. Guideliness included general and clinical information, ethical principles, selection of subjects, clear criteria for inclusion and exclusion, general study design, validation of the bioanalytical method, statistical analysis, acceptance criteria, acceptance ranges and other important aspects. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7502 Contribucion a revista The beginning of clinical pharmacokinetics Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 El origen de la Farmacocinética Clínica es multidisciplinario. En el siglo XX Widmark expresa matemáticamente la relación entre concentración plasmática y actividad farmacológica. Desde la fisiología Teorell publica en 1937 dos artículos, mostrando modelos con base fisiológica. De 1940 a 1960 se desarrollan las bases fisiológico-matemáticas de la farmacocinética. En 1953 Dost introduce la palabra "Pharmakokinetik". En 1962, en Alemania, tiene lugar el primer simposio que lo incorpora en su título. Desde la década del 1960 hasta comienzos del siglo XXI, la aplicación de nuevos descubrimientos en el campo de la química y la informática desencadenará un incremento en cantidad y calidad de trabajos farmacocinéticos. Así, no es aventurado afirmar que la Farmacocinética Clínica, junto a aportes de otras disciplinas de las Ciencias Farmacéuticas, se desarrollará aún mucho más en el futuro próximo, dando herramientas muy útiles para el crecimiento de la farmacoterapia.; The origin of Clinical Pharmacokinetics is multidisciplinary. In 20th century Widmark expresses mathematically the relationship between plasma concentration and pharmacological activity. From physiology additional steps for this discipline are given when Teorell (1937) publishes two articles that show pharmacokinetic models with physiological base. From 1940 to 1960 the physiological- mathematical bases of Clinical Pharmacokinetics are developed. Dost introduced in 1953 the word "Pharmakokinetik". In 1962, in Germany, takes place the first symposium that incorporates this term officially. From 1960 to beginnings of XXIth century, the application of new discoveries in the field of chemistry and computer science triggered a substantial increase in the amount and quality of work about pharmacokinetics. It is possible to anticipate that Clinical Pharmacokinetics, together with other pharmaceutical scientific disciplines, will be developed still much more in the next future, giving very useful tools for the development of pharmacotherapy. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7502 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z El origen de la Farmacocinética Clínica es multidisciplinario. En el siglo XX Widmark expresa matemáticamente la relación entre concentración plasmática y actividad farmacológica. Desde la fisiología Teorell publica en 1937 dos artículos, mostrando modelos con base fisiológica. De 1940 a 1960 se desarrollan las bases fisiológico-matemáticas de la farmacocinética. En 1953 Dost introduce la palabra "Pharmakokinetik". En 1962, en Alemania, tiene lugar el primer simposio que lo incorpora en su título. Desde la década del 1960 hasta comienzos del siglo XXI, la aplicación de nuevos descubrimientos en el campo de la química y la informática desencadenará un incremento en cantidad y calidad de trabajos farmacocinéticos. Así, no es aventurado afirmar que la Farmacocinética Clínica, junto a aportes de otras disciplinas de las Ciencias Farmacéuticas, se desarrollará aún mucho más en el futuro próximo, dando herramientas muy útiles para el crecimiento de la farmacoterapia. The origin of Clinical Pharmacokinetics is multidisciplinary. In 20th century Widmark expresses mathematically the relationship between plasma concentration and pharmacological activity. From physiology additional steps for this discipline are given when Teorell (1937) publishes two articles that show pharmacokinetic models with physiological base. From 1940 to 1960 the physiological- mathematical bases of Clinical Pharmacokinetics are developed. Dost introduced in 1953 the word "Pharmakokinetik". In 1962, in Germany, takes place the first symposium that incorporates this term officially. From 1960 to beginnings of XXIth century, the application of new discoveries in the field of chemistry and computer science triggered a substantial increase in the amount and quality of work about pharmacokinetics. It is possible to anticipate that Clinical Pharmacokinetics, together with other pharmaceutical scientific disciplines, will be developed still much more in the next future, giving very useful tools for the development of pharmacotherapy. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7501 Revision The importance of inorganic compounds in leishmaniasis treatment Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 La leishmaniasis, infección por protozoarios tripanosomátidos del género Leishmania sp, es una enfermedad endémica que abarca mas de 80 países incluyendo algunos del continente europeo y principalmente los países en vías de desarrollo. En esta revisión son mostradas las opciones terapéuticas usuales enfocando principalmente sus mecanismos de acción y de resistencia, farmacocinética y toxicidad. Asimismo, son presentados los intentos de aplicación de agentes quimioterápicos, en especial los compuestos organometálicos derivados de ligandos potencialmente activos.; Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan genus Leishmania. It is an endemic illness that encloses 80 countries, including some of the European continent and especially in development countries. In this revision the usual therapeutical options, focusing mechanisms of action and resistance, pharmacokinetics and toxicity are discussed . Additionally, the attempts for application of other chemotherapeutical drugs, especially organometalic substances derivatives of potencial active ligands, are also cited . Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7501 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z La leishmaniasis, infección por protozoarios tripanosomátidos del género Leishmania sp, es una enfermedad endémica que abarca mas de 80 países incluyendo algunos del continente europeo y principalmente los países en vías de desarrollo. En esta revisión son mostradas las opciones terapéuticas usuales enfocando principalmente sus mecanismos de acción y de resistencia, farmacocinética y toxicidad. Asimismo, son presentados los intentos de aplicación de agentes quimioterápicos, en especial los compuestos organometálicos derivados de ligandos potencialmente activos. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan genus Leishmania. It is an endemic illness that encloses 80 countries, including some of the European continent and especially in development countries. In this revision the usual therapeutical options, focusing mechanisms of action and resistance, pharmacokinetics and toxicity are discussed . Additionally, the attempts for application of other chemotherapeutical drugs, especially organometalic substances derivatives of potencial active ligands, are also cited . http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7500 Articulo Phytopharmaceuticals: alternative medicine in rural commune "El Manantial" (Argentina) Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Las especies vegetales con propiedades curativas han sido utilizadas por el hombre desde hace miles de años con el fin de aliviar dolencias de diferentes tipos. Es así que las plantas medicinales y sus preparaciones farmacéuticas tienen cada vez mayor aceptación por parte del personal de la salud y de la población en general. Su utilización se concentra fundamentalmente en la Atención Primaria de la Salud en zonas rurales, donde contribuyen a resolver diversos problemas de salud. Teniendo en cuenta estos aspectos, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal de modo de valorar el uso de fitofármacos durante el período 1997 a 2001 en la Comuna Rural "El Manantial" ubicada a pocos kilómetros del área capitalina de la Provincia de Tucumán. Se evaluó el conocimiento del personal médico y de pacientes sobre este tema a través de encuestas. Paralelamente se describió la disponibilidad y consumo de fitofármacos en las oficinas de farmacia de la zona. Los resultados mostraron un alto grado de aceptación entre médicos y pacientes como una vía alternativa ó complementaria frente a afecciones comunes siendo las especies vegetales Aloe vera, Valeriana officinalis y Matricaria chamomilla las más utilizadas.; Plant species with healing properties have been used by the man for thousands of years with the purpose of alleviating ailments of different types. Medicinal plants and their pharmaceutical preparations have each time higher acceptance by the health personnel and by the population in general. They are used fundamentally on the Primary Attention of Health in rural areas, where they contribute to solve diverse problems of health. Keeping in mind these aspects, it was carried out a descriptive and longitudinal study with the purpose of evaluate the phytopharmaceuticals use during the period 2001 at 2005 in the Rural Commune "El Manantial", located to few kilometers of the area of the capital of the County of Tucumán, Argentina. The medical personnel knowledge as well of that of the patients was evaluated on this topic through surveys. Parallely it was described the readiness and phytopharmaceuticals consumption in the offices of pharmacy of the area. The results showed a high degree of acceptance among doctors and patients as an alternative or complementary road in front of common affections, being Aloe vera, Valeriana officinalis and Matricaria chamomilla the most used species. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7500 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Las especies vegetales con propiedades curativas han sido utilizadas por el hombre desde hace miles de años con el fin de aliviar dolencias de diferentes tipos. Es así que las plantas medicinales y sus preparaciones farmacéuticas tienen cada vez mayor aceptación por parte del personal de la salud y de la población en general. Su utilización se concentra fundamentalmente en la Atención Primaria de la Salud en zonas rurales, donde contribuyen a resolver diversos problemas de salud. Teniendo en cuenta estos aspectos, se realizó un estudio descriptivo y longitudinal de modo de valorar el uso de fitofármacos durante el período 1997 a 2001 en la Comuna Rural "El Manantial" ubicada a pocos kilómetros del área capitalina de la Provincia de Tucumán. Se evaluó el conocimiento del personal médico y de pacientes sobre este tema a través de encuestas. Paralelamente se describió la disponibilidad y consumo de fitofármacos en las oficinas de farmacia de la zona. Los resultados mostraron un alto grado de aceptación entre médicos y pacientes como una vía alternativa ó complementaria frente a afecciones comunes siendo las especies vegetales Aloe vera, Valeriana officinalis y Matricaria chamomilla las más utilizadas. Plant species with healing properties have been used by the man for thousands of years with the purpose of alleviating ailments of different types. Medicinal plants and their pharmaceutical preparations have each time higher acceptance by the health personnel and by the population in general. They are used fundamentally on the Primary Attention of Health in rural areas, where they contribute to solve diverse problems of health. Keeping in mind these aspects, it was carried out a descriptive and longitudinal study with the purpose of evaluate the phytopharmaceuticals use during the period 2001 at 2005 in the Rural Commune "El Manantial", located to few kilometers of the area of the capital of the County of Tucumán, Argentina. The medical personnel knowledge as well of that of the patients was evaluated on this topic through surveys. Parallely it was described the readiness and phytopharmaceuticals consumption in the offices of pharmacy of the area. The results showed a high degree of acceptance among doctors and patients as an alternative or complementary road in front of common affections, being Aloe vera, Valeriana officinalis and Matricaria chamomilla the most used species. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7499 Articulo Dermatomycosis: frequency, laboratorial diagnostic and adhesion of patients to treatment in a public health system in Maringá -PR, Brazil Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 As dermatomicoses são infecções comuns que acometem a pele, pêlos e unhas e são consideradas de difícil tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a freqüência de dermatomicoses, seus agentes etiológicos e da adesão ao tratamento prescrito em pacientes atendidos em um sistema público de saúde, Maringá-PR, Brasil. Foram analisadas amostras de 197 pacientes, portadores de lesões compatíveis com dermatomicoses. O diagnóstico micológico identificou a presença de fungos em 65,99% dos pacientes (n = 130), que foram incluídos no programa de orientação farmacêutica. A faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 46-60 anos. Houve predomínio de onicomicoses, sendo as leveduras os agentes mais freqüentes, seguidas pelos fungos dermatófitos. O tratamento instituído foi eficiente, apesar de simples e de baixo custo, a orientação farmacêutica garantiu a adesão de 85,38% dos pacientes.; Dermatomycosis are common infections that affects the skin, hair and nails and are considered of complicated treatment. The objective of this work was to check the frequency of the dermatomycosis, their etiologic agents and adhesion to treatment prescribed in patients taken care in a public health system, in Maringá-PR, Brazil. Samples of 197 patients with compatible dermatomycosis lesions were analyzed. The mycologic diagnostic identified the presence of fungi in 65.99% of the patients (n = 130), who were included in the pharmaceutical orientation program. The group of ages which was more affected was 46-60 years. Onycomycosis were predominant, being the leavenings the greatest number of agents, followed by the dermatophytes. The instituted treatment was efficient, although simple and of low cost, and the pharmaceutical orientation guaranteed the adhesion of 85.38% of the patients. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7499 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z As dermatomicoses são infecções comuns que acometem a pele, pêlos e unhas e são consideradas de difícil tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a freqüência de dermatomicoses, seus agentes etiológicos e da adesão ao tratamento prescrito em pacientes atendidos em um sistema público de saúde, Maringá-PR, Brasil. Foram analisadas amostras de 197 pacientes, portadores de lesões compatíveis com dermatomicoses. O diagnóstico micológico identificou a presença de fungos em 65,99% dos pacientes (n = 130), que foram incluídos no programa de orientação farmacêutica. A faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 46-60 anos. Houve predomínio de onicomicoses, sendo as leveduras os agentes mais freqüentes, seguidas pelos fungos dermatófitos. O tratamento instituído foi eficiente, apesar de simples e de baixo custo, a orientação farmacêutica garantiu a adesão de 85,38% dos pacientes. Dermatomycosis are common infections that affects the skin, hair and nails and are considered of complicated treatment. The objective of this work was to check the frequency of the dermatomycosis, their etiologic agents and adhesion to treatment prescribed in patients taken care in a public health system, in Maringá-PR, Brazil. Samples of 197 patients with compatible dermatomycosis lesions were analyzed. The mycologic diagnostic identified the presence of fungi in 65.99% of the patients (n = 130), who were included in the pharmaceutical orientation program. The group of ages which was more affected was 46-60 years. Onycomycosis were predominant, being the leavenings the greatest number of agents, followed by the dermatophytes. The instituted treatment was efficient, although simple and of low cost, and the pharmaceutical orientation guaranteed the adhesion of 85.38% of the patients. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7498 Articulo Distribution and accessibility of the community pharmacies: an approach to the pharmaceutical care Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Se realizó un análisis de la distribución y accesibilidad de las Farmacias Comunitarias en los quince municipios de la Ciudad de La Habana, con el objetivo de conocer si, en base a estos criterios, existen las condiciones adecuadas que permitan la implementación de la Atención Farmacéutica en esta provincia. Se identificaron los tipos de farmacia por municipio y se calcularon los índices de farmacia por habitantes, farmacias por 10 000 habitantes y consultorios médicos de la familia por farmacia, en los municipios y en las áreas de salud. Se establecieron rangos en algunos de los índices mencionados con el propósito de analizar la distribución geográfica de los mismos en las áreas de salud. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una gran heterogeneidad en la distribución de farmacias con relación a la cantidad de habitantes en los municipios, haciéndose más agudas las diferencias en algunas áreas de salud de la ciudad.; An analysis of the distribution and accessibility of the community pharmacies was carried out in the fifteen municipalities of Havana City, with the object to know if it is possible the implementation of programs of Pharmaceutical Care. The types of pharmacies of the municipalities were identified and the indexes of pharmacies per inhabitant, pharmacies per 10 000 inhabitants and family doctor's office per pharmacy were estimated in the municipalities and in health areas. Ranges were established in some of the mentioned indexes with the purpose of analyzing the geographic distribution of them in the health areas. The results obtained show a great heterogeneity in the distribution of the pharmacies in relation of the number of inhabitants in the municipalities. It is to note that this difference becomes more acute in some health areas of the city. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7498 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Se realizó un análisis de la distribución y accesibilidad de las Farmacias Comunitarias en los quince municipios de la Ciudad de La Habana, con el objetivo de conocer si, en base a estos criterios, existen las condiciones adecuadas que permitan la implementación de la Atención Farmacéutica en esta provincia. Se identificaron los tipos de farmacia por municipio y se calcularon los índices de farmacia por habitantes, farmacias por 10 000 habitantes y consultorios médicos de la familia por farmacia, en los municipios y en las áreas de salud. Se establecieron rangos en algunos de los índices mencionados con el propósito de analizar la distribución geográfica de los mismos en las áreas de salud. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una gran heterogeneidad en la distribución de farmacias con relación a la cantidad de habitantes en los municipios, haciéndose más agudas las diferencias en algunas áreas de salud de la ciudad. An analysis of the distribution and accessibility of the community pharmacies was carried out in the fifteen municipalities of Havana City, with the object to know if it is possible the implementation of programs of Pharmaceutical Care. The types of pharmacies of the municipalities were identified and the indexes of pharmacies per inhabitant, pharmacies per 10 000 inhabitants and family doctor's office per pharmacy were estimated in the municipalities and in health areas. Ranges were established in some of the mentioned indexes with the purpose of analyzing the geographic distribution of them in the health areas. The results obtained show a great heterogeneity in the distribution of the pharmacies in relation of the number of inhabitants in the municipalities. It is to note that this difference becomes more acute in some health areas of the city. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7497 Articulo Enoxaparin utilization at a Brazilian hospital Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Trata-se de estudo transversal retrospectivo que busca descrever a utilização da enoxaparina em um hospital brasileiro e estimar seu consumo médio diário. Em 2001, foram registrados 2051 eventos de utilização de enoxaparina prescrita predominantemente para doenças cardiovasculares (65,4%). A cardiologia foi a principal clínica prescritora (71%) e o consumo médio foi de 71,93 DDD (dose diária definida) de enoxaparina/100 leitos-dia. A DDD encontrada parece refletir consumo crescente de heparinas de baixo pelo molecular, cuja introdução recente na prática clínica e custo elevado em relação à heparina não-fracionada merecem estratégias para promover seu uso racional.; A retrospective cross-sectional study to describe enoxaparin utilization and to estimate its average daily consumption was carried out. During 2001, 2051 events of enoxaparin utilization were registered, most of them for cardiovascular diseases (65,4%). Cardiology was the main medical specialty (71%) and average consumption was 71,93 DDD (Defined Daily Dose)/100 bed-day. DDD encountered seems to reflect crescent consumption of low molecular weight heparins, whose recent introduction in medical practice and high cost comparing with unfractionated heparin deserve strategies to promote their rational use. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7497 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Trata-se de estudo transversal retrospectivo que busca descrever a utilização da enoxaparina em um hospital brasileiro e estimar seu consumo médio diário. Em 2001, foram registrados 2051 eventos de utilização de enoxaparina prescrita predominantemente para doenças cardiovasculares (65,4%). A cardiologia foi a principal clínica prescritora (71%) e o consumo médio foi de 71,93 DDD (dose diária definida) de enoxaparina/100 leitos-dia. A DDD encontrada parece refletir consumo crescente de heparinas de baixo pelo molecular, cuja introdução recente na prática clínica e custo elevado em relação à heparina não-fracionada merecem estratégias para promover seu uso racional. A retrospective cross-sectional study to describe enoxaparin utilization and to estimate its average daily consumption was carried out. During 2001, 2051 events of enoxaparin utilization were registered, most of them for cardiovascular diseases (65,4%). Cardiology was the main medical specialty (71%) and average consumption was 71,93 DDD (Defined Daily Dose)/100 bed-day. DDD encountered seems to reflect crescent consumption of low molecular weight heparins, whose recent introduction in medical practice and high cost comparing with unfractionated heparin deserve strategies to promote their rational use. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7496 Comunicacion Inhibition of cell growth and polyamine levels in lymphocytes caused by the combination of methotrexate and chloroquine Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Fue realizado un estudio utilizando dos líneas celulares de linfocitos y fibroblastos pulmonares, con el objeto de investigar el efecto conjunto del metotrexate (MTX) y la cloroquina (CQ) sobre el crecimiento celular y los niveles de poliamina. Los resultados muestran que la CQ inhibió el crecimiento de ambas líneas tan sólo durante las primeras 24 h, mientras que la combinación de ambas drogas disminuyó los niveles de poliamina que afectan la síntesis proteica y el crecimiento celular, sólo en los linfocitos. Estos resultados son relevantes en la artritis reumatoidea, ya que la combinación de ambas drogas actúa principalmente sobre los linfocitos, responsables de la inflamación de la articulación y la erosión del cartílago.; The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the combination of methotrexate (MTX) and chloroquine (CQ) on cell growth and polyamine levels for lymphocyte and lung fibroblast cells. The action of CQ inhibited cell growth in the first 24 h for both cell lines. The combination of the drugs decreased polyamine levels, affecting protein synthesis and cell growth for the lymphocyte cells. These results are important for rheumatoid arthritis because the combination of the drugs acts mainly on lymphocyte cells, which are the agents responsible for joint inflammation and the erosion of cartilage. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7496 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Fue realizado un estudio utilizando dos líneas celulares de linfocitos y fibroblastos pulmonares, con el objeto de investigar el efecto conjunto del metotrexate (MTX) y la cloroquina (CQ) sobre el crecimiento celular y los niveles de poliamina. Los resultados muestran que la CQ inhibió el crecimiento de ambas líneas tan sólo durante las primeras 24 h, mientras que la combinación de ambas drogas disminuyó los niveles de poliamina que afectan la síntesis proteica y el crecimiento celular, sólo en los linfocitos. Estos resultados son relevantes en la artritis reumatoidea, ya que la combinación de ambas drogas actúa principalmente sobre los linfocitos, responsables de la inflamación de la articulación y la erosión del cartílago. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the combination of methotrexate (MTX) and chloroquine (CQ) on cell growth and polyamine levels for lymphocyte and lung fibroblast cells. The action of CQ inhibited cell growth in the first 24 h for both cell lines. The combination of the drugs decreased polyamine levels, affecting protein synthesis and cell growth for the lymphocyte cells. These results are important for rheumatoid arthritis because the combination of the drugs acts mainly on lymphocyte cells, which are the agents responsible for joint inflammation and the erosion of cartilage. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7495 Comunicacion Effects of sunlight on poliphenol production in female specimens of Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae- Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Se estudiaron las variaciones de los polifenoles de Smilax campestris Griseb. en relación con la radiación solar, analizando comparativamente los extractos metanólicos de hojas de ejemplares plenamente expuestos a la luz solar (I) y los que se desarrollaban en ambientes con escasa radiación solar (II) y que crecían a escasos metros de distancia unos de otros, de manera de evitar interferencias de otras posibles causas de variación. Se determinaron diferencias cuali-cuantitativas cuando se compararon ambos materiales. En ambos tipos de ejemplares se determinó la presencia de quercetina, canferol, isoramnetina, sus rutinósidos, los 3-O-glucósidos de quercetina y canferol y leucoantocianidinas (monómeros de proantocianidinas). En I aumentaron las concentraciones de los glicósidos de quercetina y canferol. Las leucoantocianidinas se convirtieron en proantocianidinas. Cuando se analizaron los fenoles totales, las hojas de I presentaron niveles que prácticamente duplicaban los hallados para las hojas de II. Las hojas de I presentaron niveles de taninos totales muy superiores cuando se los comparó con las hojas de II. Se considera que la elevada concentración de polifenoles en las hojas de los ejemplares que se desarrollaban a plena luz solar constituye un posible mecanismo de defensa contra elevados niveles de radiación U.V.; The effect of sunlight on the flavonoid profile and polyphenol concentration in female specimens of Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae- was evaluated. Methanolic extracts obtained from leaves of plants growing completely exposed to sunlight (I) were compared with those from plants growing in the shadow (II). Both kinds of specimens were collected in the same locality from close plants in order to avoid other variability factors. Quali - quantitative differences were detected after comparison of the extracts. Both kinds of specimens produced quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, their rutinosides, kaempferol and quercetin 3-O-glusosides and leucoanthocyanidins (monomers of proanthocyanidins). The specimens (I) enhanced their relative concentrations of glicosides based on quercetin and kaempferol. Proanthocyanidins, originated from the monomers (leucoanthocyanidins), were also detected. When analyzed total phenol contents, leaves from (I) showed levels that duplicate those from II. Total tannins showed also higher levels in (I) than those from (II). These high concentrations of polyphenols can be considered as a possible defense mechanism to protect leaves from direct UV radiation. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7495 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Se estudiaron las variaciones de los polifenoles de Smilax campestris Griseb. en relación con la radiación solar, analizando comparativamente los extractos metanólicos de hojas de ejemplares plenamente expuestos a la luz solar (I) y los que se desarrollaban en ambientes con escasa radiación solar (II) y que crecían a escasos metros de distancia unos de otros, de manera de evitar interferencias de otras posibles causas de variación. Se determinaron diferencias cuali-cuantitativas cuando se compararon ambos materiales. En ambos tipos de ejemplares se determinó la presencia de quercetina, canferol, isoramnetina, sus rutinósidos, los 3-O-glucósidos de quercetina y canferol y leucoantocianidinas (monómeros de proantocianidinas). En I aumentaron las concentraciones de los glicósidos de quercetina y canferol. Las leucoantocianidinas se convirtieron en proantocianidinas. Cuando se analizaron los fenoles totales, las hojas de I presentaron niveles que prácticamente duplicaban los hallados para las hojas de II. Las hojas de I presentaron niveles de taninos totales muy superiores cuando se los comparó con las hojas de II. Se considera que la elevada concentración de polifenoles en las hojas de los ejemplares que se desarrollaban a plena luz solar constituye un posible mecanismo de defensa contra elevados niveles de radiación U.V. The effect of sunlight on the flavonoid profile and polyphenol concentration in female specimens of Smilax campestris Griseb. -Smilacaceae- was evaluated. Methanolic extracts obtained from leaves of plants growing completely exposed to sunlight (I) were compared with those from plants growing in the shadow (II). Both kinds of specimens were collected in the same locality from close plants in order to avoid other variability factors. Quali - quantitative differences were detected after comparison of the extracts. Both kinds of specimens produced quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, their rutinosides, kaempferol and quercetin 3-O-glusosides and leucoanthocyanidins (monomers of proanthocyanidins). The specimens (I) enhanced their relative concentrations of glicosides based on quercetin and kaempferol. Proanthocyanidins, originated from the monomers (leucoanthocyanidins), were also detected. When analyzed total phenol contents, leaves from (I) showed levels that duplicate those from II. Total tannins showed also higher levels in (I) than those from (II). These high concentrations of polyphenols can be considered as a possible defense mechanism to protect leaves from direct UV radiation. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7494 Comunicacion Development and pharmacotechnic characterization of semisolid pharmaceutical forms containing nimesulide Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 O objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver formas farmacêuticas semi-sólidas contendo nimesulida e avaliar a liberação da substância ativa e as características reológicas das formulações. As formas farmacêuticas semi-sólidas (cremes O/A, denominados formulações F1, F2 e F3), contendo 1,0% (m/m) de nimesulida, foram preparadas de acordo com técnica usual de preparação de emulsões. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a viabilidade da produção de cremes O/A contendo 1% de nimesulida. A formulação F2 apresentou o melhor perfil de liberação (99,07 ± 4,80%) no tempo máximo do experimento (200 min), seguida pelas formulações F1 (82,07 ± 1,29%) e F3 (60,04 ± 2,54%). Os resultados obtidos demonstram a influência da base (veículo) no processo de liberação da nimesulida de cremes do tipo O/A e a presença de comportamento reológico não newtoniano, propriedades plásticas e tixotropia em todas formulações avaliadas.; The aim of this work was to develop semisolid pharmaceutical forms containing nimesulide and to evaluate the release of active substance and the rheological characteristics of these formulations. Semisolid pharmaceutical forms (O/W creams, named formulations F1, F2 and F3) containing 1.0% (m/m) of nimesulide were prepared according to the normal preparation technique for emulsions. The obtained results show the viability of the production of O/W creams containing 1% of nimesulide. The F2 formulation exhibited the better release profile (99.07 ± 4.80%) in the maximum time of the experiment (200 min), followed by F1 (82.07 ± 1.29%) and F3 (60.04 ± 2.54%). The results showed vehicle influence on the release of nimesulide of O/W creams and nonnewtonian behavior, plastics properties and thixotropy in all formulations evaluated. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7494 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z O objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver formas farmacêuticas semi-sólidas contendo nimesulida e avaliar a liberação da substância ativa e as características reológicas das formulações. As formas farmacêuticas semi-sólidas (cremes O/A, denominados formulações F1, F2 e F3), contendo 1,0% (m/m) de nimesulida, foram preparadas de acordo com técnica usual de preparação de emulsões. Os resultados obtidos demonstram a viabilidade da produção de cremes O/A contendo 1% de nimesulida. A formulação F2 apresentou o melhor perfil de liberação (99,07 ± 4,80%) no tempo máximo do experimento (200 min), seguida pelas formulações F1 (82,07 ± 1,29%) e F3 (60,04 ± 2,54%). Os resultados obtidos demonstram a influência da base (veículo) no processo de liberação da nimesulida de cremes do tipo O/A e a presença de comportamento reológico não newtoniano, propriedades plásticas e tixotropia em todas formulações avaliadas. The aim of this work was to develop semisolid pharmaceutical forms containing nimesulide and to evaluate the release of active substance and the rheological characteristics of these formulations. Semisolid pharmaceutical forms (O/W creams, named formulations F1, F2 and F3) containing 1.0% (m/m) of nimesulide were prepared according to the normal preparation technique for emulsions. The obtained results show the viability of the production of O/W creams containing 1% of nimesulide. The F2 formulation exhibited the better release profile (99.07 ± 4.80%) in the maximum time of the experiment (200 min), followed by F1 (82.07 ± 1.29%) and F3 (60.04 ± 2.54%). The results showed vehicle influence on the release of nimesulide of O/W creams and nonnewtonian behavior, plastics properties and thixotropy in all formulations evaluated. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7493 Comunicacion Preliminary assays in Aloysia polystachya (Griseb.) Mold. verbenaceae and its tinctures Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 El presente trabajo incluye algunos aspectos farmacognósticos y farmacotécnicos de la elaboración de soluciones hidroalcohólicas a partir de material vegetal proveniente de plantas seleccionadas obtenidas por multiplicación vegetativa y cultivadas bajo condiciones controladas. En el material vegetal se realizó: observación de la droga en polvo, reacciones histoquímicas, extracto acuoso y alcohólico, pérdida por secado y cenizas totales. En las tinturas se comprobaron caracteres organolépticos, solubilidad en agua, pérdida por secado, pH y acción de ácidos, bases y oxidantes fuertes.; This paper includes some pharmacognostical and pharmacotechnical aspects of the attainment of hydroalcoholic solutions obtained from plants developed by vegetative micropropagation and cultivated under cover in controled conditions. The assays performed on the plant material were: powder drug observation, histochemical reactions, aqueous and alcoholic extracts, dry weigth loss and whole ashes. In tinctures organoleptic characteristics, water solubility, dry weigth loss, pH, and the action of acids, alkalis and hard oxidants were probed. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7493 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z El presente trabajo incluye algunos aspectos farmacognósticos y farmacotécnicos de la elaboración de soluciones hidroalcohólicas a partir de material vegetal proveniente de plantas seleccionadas obtenidas por multiplicación vegetativa y cultivadas bajo condiciones controladas. En el material vegetal se realizó: observación de la droga en polvo, reacciones histoquímicas, extracto acuoso y alcohólico, pérdida por secado y cenizas totales. En las tinturas se comprobaron caracteres organolépticos, solubilidad en agua, pérdida por secado, pH y acción de ácidos, bases y oxidantes fuertes. This paper includes some pharmacognostical and pharmacotechnical aspects of the attainment of hydroalcoholic solutions obtained from plants developed by vegetative micropropagation and cultivated under cover in controled conditions. The assays performed on the plant material were: powder drug observation, histochemical reactions, aqueous and alcoholic extracts, dry weigth loss and whole ashes. In tinctures organoleptic characteristics, water solubility, dry weigth loss, pH, and the action of acids, alkalis and hard oxidants were probed. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7492 Comunicacion Hypolipidemic effect of flavonoids and cholestyramine in rats Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Este trabajo evalúa la acción de quercetina, rutina, morina y naringenina aisladamente y en asociación con colestiramina en el suero sanguíneo de ratas. Estos compuestos fueron mezclados a la dieta (Marca Purina) conteniendo 1% de colesterol y 0,1% de ácido cólico y las sustancias fueron administradas en la dosis de 30 mg para los flavonoides y 10 mg para la colestiramina. Después de treinta días se determinó el contenido de colesterol, colesterol-HDL y triacilgliceroles en sangre. Los resultados evidencian que colestiramina en asociación con quercetina presentaran la mayor reducción de colesterol. Por otro lado, para colesterol-HDL los niveles fueron aumentados en la asociación de colestiramina y naringenina, presentando un efecto sinérgico, mientras los resultados para triacilgliceroles indicaron una reducción en todos los tratamientos, siendo la asociación de colestiramina con flavonoides la que ha mostrado los mejores efectos.; The present work evaluates the action of quercetin, rutin, morin and naringenin isolated or/and in association with cholestyramine on blood lipids of rats. These compounds were mixed to the diet (mark purina) containing 1% of cholesterol and 0.1% of cholic acid and they were administered in the dose of 30 mg for the flavonoids and 10 mg for cholestyramine. After thirty days, cholesterol, cholesterol- HDL and triacylglycerols were measured after retreat of blood. Results evidence that cholestyramine in association with quercetin present the largest percentual reduction of cholesterol. On the other hand, for cholesterol-HDL the level increase in the association of cholestyramine and naringenin showed a synergic effect, while the results for triacilglicerols indicated a reduction in all treatments being the best results obtained with association of cholestyramine and flavonoids. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7492 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Este trabajo evalúa la acción de quercetina, rutina, morina y naringenina aisladamente y en asociación con colestiramina en el suero sanguíneo de ratas. Estos compuestos fueron mezclados a la dieta (Marca Purina) conteniendo 1% de colesterol y 0,1% de ácido cólico y las sustancias fueron administradas en la dosis de 30 mg para los flavonoides y 10 mg para la colestiramina. Después de treinta días se determinó el contenido de colesterol, colesterol-HDL y triacilgliceroles en sangre. Los resultados evidencian que colestiramina en asociación con quercetina presentaran la mayor reducción de colesterol. Por otro lado, para colesterol-HDL los niveles fueron aumentados en la asociación de colestiramina y naringenina, presentando un efecto sinérgico, mientras los resultados para triacilgliceroles indicaron una reducción en todos los tratamientos, siendo la asociación de colestiramina con flavonoides la que ha mostrado los mejores efectos. The present work evaluates the action of quercetin, rutin, morin and naringenin isolated or/and in association with cholestyramine on blood lipids of rats. These compounds were mixed to the diet (mark purina) containing 1% of cholesterol and 0.1% of cholic acid and they were administered in the dose of 30 mg for the flavonoids and 10 mg for cholestyramine. After thirty days, cholesterol, cholesterol- HDL and triacylglycerols were measured after retreat of blood. Results evidence that cholestyramine in association with quercetin present the largest percentual reduction of cholesterol. On the other hand, for cholesterol-HDL the level increase in the association of cholestyramine and naringenin showed a synergic effect, while the results for triacilglicerols indicated a reduction in all treatments being the best results obtained with association of cholestyramine and flavonoids. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7491 Articulo Antibacterial activity of Lippia alba (Lemon Herb) Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown. (Verbenaceae) es una especie ampliamente utilizada en la medicina popular en Brasil como digestivo y antiséptico. La caracterización preliminar de los aceites esenciales obtenidos de las partes aéreas de la planta fue realizada por CG/EM. Con estos aceites esenciales se llevaron a cabo los análisis de la actividad antibacteriana. Los resultados encontrados mostraron una amplia actividad antibacteriana, confirmando así el uso de esta planta en la medicina popular.; The essential oil of fresh leaves of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown (Verbenaceae) popularly used in Brazil as a remedy for stomach disorders was analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The results showed that the essential oil was found to be effective against the tested microorganisms and confirm its traditional uses. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7491 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown. (Verbenaceae) es una especie ampliamente utilizada en la medicina popular en Brasil como digestivo y antiséptico. La caracterización preliminar de los aceites esenciales obtenidos de las partes aéreas de la planta fue realizada por CG/EM. Con estos aceites esenciales se llevaron a cabo los análisis de la actividad antibacteriana. Los resultados encontrados mostraron una amplia actividad antibacteriana, confirmando así el uso de esta planta en la medicina popular. The essential oil of fresh leaves of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown (Verbenaceae) popularly used in Brazil as a remedy for stomach disorders was analyzed by GC/MS and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The results showed that the essential oil was found to be effective against the tested microorganisms and confirm its traditional uses. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7490 Articulo Pharmaceuticals tablets with artichoke extracts in the Argentinean market: comparison of disolution profiles and of chlorogenic acid and cynarin content by HPLC Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 En los últimos años hay un notable aumento de la demanda de fármacos con extractos vegetales estandarizados. Muchos de ellos, con indicación de actividad colagoga y colerética, contienen extracto de alcachofa. Con el objetivo de estudiar el comportamiento in vitro de preparaciones farmacéuticas con extracto de alcachofa presentes en el mercado argentino, se utilizaron tres formulaciones, se valoró su contenido en ácido clorogénico y cinarina por HPLC/ UV y se determinó el perfil de disolución en cuatro medios diferentes. Los resultados demuestran que las tres formulaciones presentan contenidos y perfiles diferentes.; The production of pharmaceuticals containing medicinal herb drugs and extracts has greatly increased in recent years. Of these products, many of those that are used as colagogues and choleretics contain artichoke extracts. In order to study the in vitro behavior of pharmaceutical preparations containing these extracts, three brand of tablets sold in Argentina were studied. The dissolution profile of cynarin and chlorogenic acid was determined in four differents media. Samples were analysed by HPLC/ UV. Results obtained for the three samples were diverse, showing differences up between formulations in chlorogenic acid and cynarin contents and disolution profiles. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7490 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z En los últimos años hay un notable aumento de la demanda de fármacos con extractos vegetales estandarizados. Muchos de ellos, con indicación de actividad colagoga y colerética, contienen extracto de alcachofa. Con el objetivo de estudiar el comportamiento in vitro de preparaciones farmacéuticas con extracto de alcachofa presentes en el mercado argentino, se utilizaron tres formulaciones, se valoró su contenido en ácido clorogénico y cinarina por HPLC/ UV y se determinó el perfil de disolución en cuatro medios diferentes. Los resultados demuestran que las tres formulaciones presentan contenidos y perfiles diferentes. The production of pharmaceuticals containing medicinal herb drugs and extracts has greatly increased in recent years. Of these products, many of those that are used as colagogues and choleretics contain artichoke extracts. In order to study the in vitro behavior of pharmaceutical preparations containing these extracts, three brand of tablets sold in Argentina were studied. The dissolution profile of cynarin and chlorogenic acid was determined in four differents media. Samples were analysed by HPLC/ UV. Results obtained for the three samples were diverse, showing differences up between formulations in chlorogenic acid and cynarin contents and disolution profiles. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7489 Articulo Preliminary studies of the antioxidant activity of adult and young leaf extract hydroetanolic of Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo (ipê-roxo) Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 A atividade antioxidante in vitro do extrato de folhas jovens e adultas de Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo (ipê-roxo) foi estimada pela prevenção de formação de espécies reativas do ácido tiobarbitú- rico (TBARS) induzido por três geradores de radicais livres, H₂O₂ , FeSO₄ e AAPH, em um substrato rico em lipídeos. A presença de diferentes constituintes do extrato bruto foi estabelecida por CCD, detectandose a presença de flavonóides sendo observado efeito inibidor na lipoperoxidação induzida por H₂O₂ e FeSO₄ nas concentrações de 2, 20 e 200 μg/mL e 2, 20 mg/mL, respectivamente.; The in vitro antioxidant activity of adult and young leaf extracts of T. heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo ("ipê-roxo") were evaluated by the inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation induced by three different free radical generators, H₂O₂, FeSO₄ and AAPH, on a lipid-rich substrate. The presence of different constituents in the crude extract was established by TLC, showing the presence of flavonoids. Young and old leaves showed an inhibitor effect on lipid peroxidation induced by H₂O₂ and FeSO₄ in concentrations of 2, 20 and 200 μg/mL and 2 and 20 mg/mL, respectively. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7489 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z A atividade antioxidante in vitro do extrato de folhas jovens e adultas de Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo (ipê-roxo) foi estimada pela prevenção de formação de espécies reativas do ácido tiobarbitú- rico (TBARS) induzido por três geradores de radicais livres, H₂O₂ , FeSO₄ e AAPH, em um substrato rico em lipídeos. A presença de diferentes constituintes do extrato bruto foi estabelecida por CCD, detectandose a presença de flavonóides sendo observado efeito inibidor na lipoperoxidação induzida por H₂O₂ e FeSO₄ nas concentrações de 2, 20 e 200 μg/mL e 2, 20 mg/mL, respectivamente. The in vitro antioxidant activity of adult and young leaf extracts of T. heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo ("ipê-roxo") were evaluated by the inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation induced by three different free radical generators, H₂O₂, FeSO₄ and AAPH, on a lipid-rich substrate. The presence of different constituents in the crude extract was established by TLC, showing the presence of flavonoids. Young and old leaves showed an inhibitor effect on lipid peroxidation induced by H₂O₂ and FeSO₄ in concentrations of 2, 20 and 200 μg/mL and 2 and 20 mg/mL, respectively. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7488 Articulo Release of caffeine from two liquid-crystalline systems Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 En este trabajo se evaluaron dos sistemas líquido-cristalinos liotrópicos para la liberación sostenida de cafeína en ensayos in vitro: uno formado por una mezcla de Poloxamer 407 y agua, que presenta la fase cúbica micelar normal, y otro constituido por alcohol oleílico con 10 moles de óxido de etileno y agua, que posee una estructura hexagonal normal. En el ensayo de permeación se emplearon membranas de poli(difluoruro de viniledeno) impregnadas con una mezcla de lípidos que simulan la composición de la matriz lipídica del estrato córneo. Los ensayos realizados con estas membranas muestran que ambos sistemas líquido-cristalinos serían adecuados para la liberación sostenida de principios activos.; Two lyotropic liquid-crystalline systems for in vitro caffein liberation were evaluated: one formed by a mixture of 407 Poloxamer and water, that displays micelar normal cubical phase, and other constituted by oleyl alcohol with 10 mol of oxide of ethylene and water, that has a normal hexagonal structure. In the penetration test membranes of poli(viniledene difluorure) impregnated with a lipid mixture that simulates the composition of the lipidic matrix of the stratum corneum were used. The tests made with these membranes show that both liquid-crystalline systems would be suitable for the liberation of active principles. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7488 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z En este trabajo se evaluaron dos sistemas líquido-cristalinos liotrópicos para la liberación sostenida de cafeína en ensayos in vitro: uno formado por una mezcla de Poloxamer 407 y agua, que presenta la fase cúbica micelar normal, y otro constituido por alcohol oleílico con 10 moles de óxido de etileno y agua, que posee una estructura hexagonal normal. En el ensayo de permeación se emplearon membranas de poli(difluoruro de viniledeno) impregnadas con una mezcla de lípidos que simulan la composición de la matriz lipídica del estrato córneo. Los ensayos realizados con estas membranas muestran que ambos sistemas líquido-cristalinos serían adecuados para la liberación sostenida de principios activos. Two lyotropic liquid-crystalline systems for in vitro caffein liberation were evaluated: one formed by a mixture of 407 Poloxamer and water, that displays micelar normal cubical phase, and other constituted by oleyl alcohol with 10 mol of oxide of ethylene and water, that has a normal hexagonal structure. In the penetration test membranes of poli(viniledene difluorure) impregnated with a lipid mixture that simulates the composition of the lipidic matrix of the stratum corneum were used. The tests made with these membranes show that both liquid-crystalline systems would be suitable for the liberation of active principles. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7487 Articulo Thermoanalytical study of Atenolol and commercial tablets Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Se realizó el estudio termoanalítico del atenolol puro y de comprimidos comerciales utilizando técnicas de termogravimetría (TG) y calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC). El método no isotérmico fue empleado para determinar los datos cinéticos del proceso de descomposición. Para evaluar la interacción observada en los comprimidos comerciales, se realizó un estudio de compatibilidad entre la droga y los excipientes (celulosa microcristalisada, glicolato de amidón sódico, estearato de magnesio, manitol y dióxido de silicio). La mezcla binaria de la droga-excipiente (1:1) sugiere una interacción física entre la droga y el manitol. El DSC provee un método rápido, seguro y preciso para la determinación de la pureza del atenolol.; A thermoanalyical study of pure atenolol and a commercial tablets containinf the drug were carried out using thermogravimetric (TG) and differencial scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Nonisothermal method was employed to determine kinetics data of decomposition process. In order to evaluate interaction observed in the commercial tablets, compatibility studies of drug and excipients (microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, magnesium stearate, mannitol and silicon dioxide) were performed. The binary drug-excipient mixture (1:1) suggest a physical interaction of the drug with mannitol. The DSC provides a rapid, safe and accurate method for purity determination of atenolol. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7487 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Se realizó el estudio termoanalítico del atenolol puro y de comprimidos comerciales utilizando técnicas de termogravimetría (TG) y calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC). El método no isotérmico fue empleado para determinar los datos cinéticos del proceso de descomposición. Para evaluar la interacción observada en los comprimidos comerciales, se realizó un estudio de compatibilidad entre la droga y los excipientes (celulosa microcristalisada, glicolato de amidón sódico, estearato de magnesio, manitol y dióxido de silicio). La mezcla binaria de la droga-excipiente (1:1) sugiere una interacción física entre la droga y el manitol. El DSC provee un método rápido, seguro y preciso para la determinación de la pureza del atenolol. A thermoanalyical study of pure atenolol and a commercial tablets containinf the drug were carried out using thermogravimetric (TG) and differencial scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Nonisothermal method was employed to determine kinetics data of decomposition process. In order to evaluate interaction observed in the commercial tablets, compatibility studies of drug and excipients (microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycolate, magnesium stearate, mannitol and silicon dioxide) were performed. The binary drug-excipient mixture (1:1) suggest a physical interaction of the drug with mannitol. The DSC provides a rapid, safe and accurate method for purity determination of atenolol. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7486 Articulo Evaluation of the dissolution profiles of the cefadroxil from inmediate release solid dosage forms Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 A absorção de fármacos a partir de formas farmacêuticas sólidas administradas por via oral depende de sua liberação, da dissolução ou solubilização do mesmo em condições fisiológicas e de sua permeabilidade através das membranas do trato gastrintestinal. Portanto, a dissolução in vitro é fundamental para prever o desempenho in vivo de formulações sólidas de uso oral. Foram avaliadas no presente estudo duas especialidades farmacêuticas (R e T) em dois diferentes lotes (R1, R2, T1 e T2) contendo cefadroxil. A partir dos perfis de dissolução foram determinados os modelos cinéticos de liberação de cefadroxil, a constante de velocidade de dissolução (k), meia-vida de dissolução (t_50%), o tempo para dissolver 85% de cefadroxil contido na formulação (t_85%), a quantidade de cefadroxil dissolvido em 30 min (Q30) e eficiência de dissolução (ED%). Em relação aos resultados observou-se que todos os produtos apresentaram ciné- tica de primeira ordem. Os parâmetros cinéticos avaliados apontaram para um melhor desempenho dos produtos R1 e T2.; The process of drug absorption from solid dosage forms following oral administration depends on drug delivery from dosage form, its dissolution in physiological conditions and permeability through gastrointestinal membrane. Therefore, in vitro dissolution is very important to predict the in vivo performance of a drug contained in a solid dosage form. The present study reports the dissolution kinetics and dissolution efficacy tests of two brands (R and T) in four batches (R1, R2, T1 and T2) containing cefadroxil. Through the dissolution profiles it was determined the kinetic models of cefadroxil release, dissolution rate constant (k), time to promote the dissolution of 50% of the drug in the pharmaceutical dosage form (t_50%), the percentage of cefadroxil dissolved at 30 min (Q30) and the efficiency of dissolution (ED%). According to the results it was verified that all the products showed first order dissolution kinetic and the other kinetic parameters evaluated showed better performance to R1 and T2. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7486 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z A absorção de fármacos a partir de formas farmacêuticas sólidas administradas por via oral depende de sua liberação, da dissolução ou solubilização do mesmo em condições fisiológicas e de sua permeabilidade através das membranas do trato gastrintestinal. Portanto, a dissolução in vitro é fundamental para prever o desempenho in vivo de formulações sólidas de uso oral. Foram avaliadas no presente estudo duas especialidades farmacêuticas (R e T) em dois diferentes lotes (R1, R2, T1 e T2) contendo cefadroxil. A partir dos perfis de dissolução foram determinados os modelos cinéticos de liberação de cefadroxil, a constante de velocidade de dissolução (k), meia-vida de dissolução (t_50%), o tempo para dissolver 85% de cefadroxil contido na formulação (t_85%), a quantidade de cefadroxil dissolvido em 30 min (Q30) e eficiência de dissolução (ED%). Em relação aos resultados observou-se que todos os produtos apresentaram ciné- tica de primeira ordem. Os parâmetros cinéticos avaliados apontaram para um melhor desempenho dos produtos R1 e T2. The process of drug absorption from solid dosage forms following oral administration depends on drug delivery from dosage form, its dissolution in physiological conditions and permeability through gastrointestinal membrane. Therefore, in vitro dissolution is very important to predict the in vivo performance of a drug contained in a solid dosage form. The present study reports the dissolution kinetics and dissolution efficacy tests of two brands (R and T) in four batches (R1, R2, T1 and T2) containing cefadroxil. Through the dissolution profiles it was determined the kinetic models of cefadroxil release, dissolution rate constant (k), time to promote the dissolution of 50% of the drug in the pharmaceutical dosage form (t_50%), the percentage of cefadroxil dissolved at 30 min (Q30) and the efficiency of dissolution (ED%). According to the results it was verified that all the products showed first order dissolution kinetic and the other kinetic parameters evaluated showed better performance to R1 and T2. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7485 Articulo Chronic toxicological evaluation of the hydroalcoholic extract of Operculina alata (Ham.) Urban on biochemical and hematological parameters in female Wistar rats Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 O extrato hidroalcoólico (EHA) da Operculina alata (Ham.) Urban, é comercializado pelas propriedades laxantes e catárticas. Apesar da ampla utilização na Medicina tradicional, existem poucos estudos sobre a segurança de uso. Foram investigados efeitos da administração crônica do EHA sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos. Não foram observados sinais de toxicidade aguda ou morte, nem alterações nos perfis bioquímicos e hematológicos, excetuando-se aumento significativo nos níveis séricos de glicose, alanina amino-transferase e fosfatase alcalina e redução na contagem de monócitos. Embora estatisticamente significativas, as alterações ocorreram dentro da faixa de referência para espécie. Aparentemente, essas alterações não estão relacionadas a efeitos tóxicos do extrato.; The hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) of Operculina alata (Ham.) Urban is commercialized due to its laxatives and cathartic properties. Despite its large use in traditional medicine, there are few studies about its safety. The effects of the chronic administration of the HAE on hematological and biochemical parameters were investigated. Acute toxicity signs or deaths were not observed, nor alterations on hematological and biochemical parameters, except for a significant increase of the seric levels of glucose, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase and also the decrease of monocytes counts. Although statistically significant, the alterations occurred on the reference values range and, apparently, they were not related to toxic effects of the extract. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7485 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z O extrato hidroalcoólico (EHA) da Operculina alata (Ham.) Urban, é comercializado pelas propriedades laxantes e catárticas. Apesar da ampla utilização na Medicina tradicional, existem poucos estudos sobre a segurança de uso. Foram investigados efeitos da administração crônica do EHA sobre parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos. Não foram observados sinais de toxicidade aguda ou morte, nem alterações nos perfis bioquímicos e hematológicos, excetuando-se aumento significativo nos níveis séricos de glicose, alanina amino-transferase e fosfatase alcalina e redução na contagem de monócitos. Embora estatisticamente significativas, as alterações ocorreram dentro da faixa de referência para espécie. Aparentemente, essas alterações não estão relacionadas a efeitos tóxicos do extrato. The hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) of Operculina alata (Ham.) Urban is commercialized due to its laxatives and cathartic properties. Despite its large use in traditional medicine, there are few studies about its safety. The effects of the chronic administration of the HAE on hematological and biochemical parameters were investigated. Acute toxicity signs or deaths were not observed, nor alterations on hematological and biochemical parameters, except for a significant increase of the seric levels of glucose, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase and also the decrease of monocytes counts. Although statistically significant, the alterations occurred on the reference values range and, apparently, they were not related to toxic effects of the extract. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7484 Articulo Comparative morphological evaluation of stem bark and leaves of Stryphnodendron adstringens, S. polyphyllum and S. obovatum - Leguminosae Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 26, no. 3 Stryphnodendron (S.) é um gênero da família Leguminosae, subfamília Mimosoideae, tipicamente de clima tropical e subtropical sul americano. Extratos das cascas são utilizadas pela população para diversas doenças, como leucorréias e diarréias, antiinflamatório, anti-séptico (antimicrobiano), promovendo a coagulação sangüínea, em casos de feridas como cicatrizantes, e em alguns casos de ulcerações gástricas. A revisão de literatura mostrou apenas estudos de morfoanatomia da espécie S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville. Assim, esse artigo propôs uma comparação morfoanatômica das cascas e morfológica das folhas de três espécies de barbatimão [S. adstringens, S. polyphyllum e S. obovatum], visando contribuir na identificação botânica e ao controle de qualidade. Para a análise microscópica das cascas, realizaram-se cortes de material emblocado em parafina. As análises macroscópicas e microscópicas das cascas não mostraram diferenças suficientes que possibilitem a diferenciação entre as espécies. As análises macroscópicas das folhas mostraram diferenças morfológicas quanto ao tamanho, coloração e pubescência. Assim, as folhas de S. adstringens possuem maior tamanho, glabras e concolores. Já as folhas de S. polyphyllum são menores, pubescentes e discolores, enquanto que as folhas de S. obovatum são de tamanhos semelhantes ao S. polyphyllum, porém glabras e discolores.; The genus Stryphnodendron (S.) belongs to the family Leguminosae, subfamily Mimosoideae, which includes mostly trees of tropical and subtropical South America. Extracts of the stem bark are used traditionally by the local population to treat leucorrhoea and diarrhoea, as anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agents (antimicrobial) and to promote blood clotting and wound healing, and in a few cases of gastric ulcers. A review of the literature presented a previous morpho-anatomical study only for S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville. The aim of the present work is to compare morpho-anatomically the stem bark and leaves of three species of Stryphnodendron, known popularly as barbatimão: S. adstringens, S. polyphyllum and S. obovatum, in order to help botanical identification and contribute to quality control. Macro- and microscopical evaluation of the stem barks revealed no significant differences among the species. Morphological analyses of the leaves revealed differences in size, coloration, and pubescence. The leaves of S. adstringens are the largest, glabrous, and concolor. The leaves of S. polyphyllum are smaller, pubescent, and discolor; whereas the leaves of S. obovatum are the same size as those of S. polyphyllum, however, they are glabrous, and discolor. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/7484 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z Stryphnodendron (S.) é um gênero da família Leguminosae, subfamília Mimosoideae, tipicamente de clima tropical e subtropical sul americano. Extratos das cascas são utilizadas pela população para diversas doenças, como leucorréias e diarréias, antiinflamatório, anti-séptico (antimicrobiano), promovendo a coagulação sangüínea, em casos de feridas como cicatrizantes, e em alguns casos de ulcerações gástricas. A revisão de literatura mostrou apenas estudos de morfoanatomia da espécie S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville. Assim, esse artigo propôs uma comparação morfoanatômica das cascas e morfológica das folhas de três espécies de barbatimão [S. adstringens, S. polyphyllum e S. obovatum], visando contribuir na identificação botânica e ao controle de qualidade. Para a análise microscópica das cascas, realizaram-se cortes de material emblocado em parafina. As análises macroscópicas e microscópicas das cascas não mostraram diferenças suficientes que possibilitem a diferenciação entre as espécies. As análises macroscópicas das folhas mostraram diferenças morfológicas quanto ao tamanho, coloração e pubescência. Assim, as folhas de S. adstringens possuem maior tamanho, glabras e concolores. Já as folhas de S. polyphyllum são menores, pubescentes e discolores, enquanto que as folhas de S. obovatum são de tamanhos semelhantes ao S. polyphyllum, porém glabras e discolores. The genus Stryphnodendron (S.) belongs to the family Leguminosae, subfamily Mimosoideae, which includes mostly trees of tropical and subtropical South America. Extracts of the stem bark are used traditionally by the local population to treat leucorrhoea and diarrhoea, as anti-inflammatory and antiseptic agents (antimicrobial) and to promote blood clotting and wound healing, and in a few cases of gastric ulcers. A review of the literature presented a previous morpho-anatomical study only for S. adstringens (Mart.) Coville. The aim of the present work is to compare morpho-anatomically the stem bark and leaves of three species of Stryphnodendron, known popularly as barbatimão: S. adstringens, S. polyphyllum and S. obovatum, in order to help botanical identification and contribute to quality control. Macro- and microscopical evaluation of the stem barks revealed no significant differences among the species. Morphological analyses of the leaves revealed differences in size, coloration, and pubescence. The leaves of S. adstringens are the largest, glabrous, and concolor. The leaves of S. polyphyllum are smaller, pubescent, and discolor; whereas the leaves of S. obovatum are the same size as those of S. polyphyllum, however, they are glabrous, and discolor.