http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/236 Sun, 15 Nov 2026 07:08:29 GMT 2026-11-15T07:08:29Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8192 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Alpinia officinarum has been used by long time in the traditional medicine and several commercial extracts containing it are available on the market. In this paper a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (RP-HPLC-DAD) method for Alpinia officinarum preparations was proposed using galangin as a marker. The quantification was undertaken by a combination of RP-HPLC-DAD. The LC system employed a Gemini Phenomenex RP-18 column with phosphoric acid, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile as mobile phase and detection at 267 nm. The method validation was throughout satisfactory. The determination coefficient was r² = 0.998 with LOD 0.48 µg mL^-1 and LOQ 1.59 µg mL^-1 The results of precision (RSD < 2.82) and accuracy (99.9 %, 100.4 %, 102.2 %) with . RSD less than 2.7 %, were satisfactory. The analytical method was applied to commercial extracts, and was suitable to provide qualitative and quantitative information for the quality control to commercial preparations. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8192 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Alpinia officinarum has been used by long time in the traditional medicine and several commercial extracts containing it are available on the market. In this paper a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (RP-HPLC-DAD) method for Alpinia officinarum preparations was proposed using galangin as a marker. The quantification was undertaken by a combination of RP-HPLC-DAD. The LC system employed a Gemini Phenomenex RP-18 column with phosphoric acid, tetrahydrofuran and acetonitrile as mobile phase and detection at 267 nm. The method validation was throughout satisfactory. The determination coefficient was r² = 0.998 with LOD 0.48 µg mL^-1 and LOQ 1.59 µg mL^-1 The results of precision (RSD < 2.82) and accuracy (99.9 %, 100.4 %, 102.2 %) with . RSD less than 2.7 %, were satisfactory. The analytical method was applied to commercial extracts, and was suitable to provide qualitative and quantitative information for the quality control to commercial preparations. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8191 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Densities of aqueous solutions of sodium naproxen have been measured as functions of concentration (from 0.0250 to 0.5000 mol kg^-1) and temperature (from 278.15 to 313.15 K). The apparent molar volumes, partial molar volumes at infinite dilution and partial molar expansibility were calculated. The dependence of these properties with temperature is also shown. The results are interpreted in terms of solute-solvent interactions. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8191 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Densities of aqueous solutions of sodium naproxen have been measured as functions of concentration (from 0.0250 to 0.5000 mol kg^-1) and temperature (from 278.15 to 313.15 K). The apparent molar volumes, partial molar volumes at infinite dilution and partial molar expansibility were calculated. The dependence of these properties with temperature is also shown. The results are interpreted in terms of solute-solvent interactions. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8190 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS) method for determination of troxerutin in rabbit plasma was developed. After addition of paeoniflorin as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by methanol: acetonitrile (3:1, v/v) was used as sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 μm) column with methanol-water as mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 765 for troxerutin and m/z 503 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 10-5000 ng/mL for troxerutin in rabbit plasma. Lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for troxerutin was 10 ng/mL. Mean recovery of troxerutin from plasma was in the range 92.6-98.1 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 11 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of troxerutin in rabbit plasma. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8190 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS) method for determination of troxerutin in rabbit plasma was developed. After addition of paeoniflorin as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by methanol: acetonitrile (3:1, v/v) was used as sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 μm) column with methanol-water as mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 765 for troxerutin and m/z 503 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 10-5000 ng/mL for troxerutin in rabbit plasma. Lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for troxerutin was 10 ng/mL. Mean recovery of troxerutin from plasma was in the range 92.6-98.1 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 11 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of troxerutin in rabbit plasma. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8189 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa (Willd) DC) is an alkaloid rich-liana from the Peruvian Amazon rainforest. Regarding several oxindole alkaloids from cat's claw bark, the isomerization induced by pH, temperature and solvent polarity is reported in the literature. Some industrial drying processes, such as spray drying, can provide therefore favorable conditions of heating and moisture for isomerization, and it is expected to have effects on the alkaloid composition during technological processing. In this work we focused on the effect of spray drying on the isomerization of alkaloids of dried extracts obtained from Uncaria tomentosa bark. High isomerization levels were observed in all dried extracts. A loss in mitraphylline (15%) and pteropodine (12%) content is related to an equivalent content increase of isomitraphylline and isopteropodine, respectively. Since different biological and pharmacological activities had been ascribed to these alkaloids, the influence of the thermal effect inherent to the spray drying technique and excipient type should be worth of special attention. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8189 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa (Willd) DC) is an alkaloid rich-liana from the Peruvian Amazon rainforest. Regarding several oxindole alkaloids from cat's claw bark, the isomerization induced by pH, temperature and solvent polarity is reported in the literature. Some industrial drying processes, such as spray drying, can provide therefore favorable conditions of heating and moisture for isomerization, and it is expected to have effects on the alkaloid composition during technological processing. In this work we focused on the effect of spray drying on the isomerization of alkaloids of dried extracts obtained from Uncaria tomentosa bark. High isomerization levels were observed in all dried extracts. A loss in mitraphylline (15%) and pteropodine (12%) content is related to an equivalent content increase of isomitraphylline and isopteropodine, respectively. Since different biological and pharmacological activities had been ascribed to these alkaloids, the influence of the thermal effect inherent to the spray drying technique and excipient type should be worth of special attention. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8188 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Many plants have recently been considered as potential sunscreen resources because of their capacity to absorb the solar ultraviolet radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sunscreen activity of ten Zona da Mata Mineira plants extracts by in vitro test using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. From the studied species, three (Lantana aff. fucata Lindl, Solidago microglossa DC and Stachytarpheta gesnerioides Cham.) showed sun protection factor (SPF) higher than 2, which is the minimum value required by the Brazilian legislation to label a product as containing a SPF. These results suggest that it can be possible to utilize these species to manufacture a new natural sunscreen or associate them with synthetic UV-filters. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8188 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Many plants have recently been considered as potential sunscreen resources because of their capacity to absorb the solar ultraviolet radiation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sunscreen activity of ten Zona da Mata Mineira plants extracts by in vitro test using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. From the studied species, three (Lantana aff. fucata Lindl, Solidago microglossa DC and Stachytarpheta gesnerioides Cham.) showed sun protection factor (SPF) higher than 2, which is the minimum value required by the Brazilian legislation to label a product as containing a SPF. These results suggest that it can be possible to utilize these species to manufacture a new natural sunscreen or associate them with synthetic UV-filters. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8187 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The use of biosensors based on laccase is an interesting alternative for monitoring phenolic compounds in pharmaceutical and environmental analysis. The detection and determination of acetaminophen in pharmaceutical samples, using a biosensor with carbon paste modified with laccase is described. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9954) and low detection and quantification limits (2.4 x 10^-6 mol.L^-1 and 7.9 x 10^-6 mol.L^-1, respectively). Furthermore, the proposed methodology using an enzyme electrode showed appropriated reproducibility and selectivity. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8187 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The use of biosensors based on laccase is an interesting alternative for monitoring phenolic compounds in pharmaceutical and environmental analysis. The detection and determination of acetaminophen in pharmaceutical samples, using a biosensor with carbon paste modified with laccase is described. The method showed good linearity (r = 0.9954) and low detection and quantification limits (2.4 x 10^-6 mol.L^-1 and 7.9 x 10^-6 mol.L^-1, respectively). Furthermore, the proposed methodology using an enzyme electrode showed appropriated reproducibility and selectivity. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8186 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Momordica tuberosa (Cucurbitaceae) is traditionally used as abortifacient in India. Morphoanatomy, physicochemical and phytochemical nature of fruits and seeds of this plant were studied in order to contribute to complete the profile of these parts to aid in their identification and avoid confusion in taxanomic species. Macroscopic and microscopic characters were established using light microscopy, WHO recommendations and standard physicochemical and phytochemical procedures. Fruits presented the typical characters of Cucurbitaceae plants possessing ridges with 1 mm thickness and pericarp 550 µm thick. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes and alkaloids in various extracts. The findings from morphoanatomy, microscopy and physicochemical characters may be used to establish the authenticity of fruits of this plant. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8186 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Momordica tuberosa (Cucurbitaceae) is traditionally used as abortifacient in India. Morphoanatomy, physicochemical and phytochemical nature of fruits and seeds of this plant were studied in order to contribute to complete the profile of these parts to aid in their identification and avoid confusion in taxanomic species. Macroscopic and microscopic characters were established using light microscopy, WHO recommendations and standard physicochemical and phytochemical procedures. Fruits presented the typical characters of Cucurbitaceae plants possessing ridges with 1 mm thickness and pericarp 550 µm thick. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes and alkaloids in various extracts. The findings from morphoanatomy, microscopy and physicochemical characters may be used to establish the authenticity of fruits of this plant. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8185 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Diuretic activity of five medicinal plants (Cassia alata L., Zanthoxylum fagara L., Nectandra coriacea Sw, Costus pictus D. Don, and Persea americana Miller) used by Cuban population was assessed. Plants decoctions (30 %) were applied to Wistar male rats (400 mg/kg BW), based on total solids and completed with physiological saline solution up to a total constant administration volume of 40 ml/kg BW and administered to 7 experimental groups: 5 treated, a positive control (furosemide, 20 mg/kg) and a negative control (NaCl, 0,9 %). Animals were placed in metabolic cages, decoctions administered and urinary excretion quantified after ½, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. After the urinary excretion, diuretic action and diuretic activity were calculated. Urine volumes were increased in all treated groups when compared to negative control, being superior in C. alata and P. americana and, at the same time, similar to the reference diuretic used. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8185 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Diuretic activity of five medicinal plants (Cassia alata L., Zanthoxylum fagara L., Nectandra coriacea Sw, Costus pictus D. Don, and Persea americana Miller) used by Cuban population was assessed. Plants decoctions (30 %) were applied to Wistar male rats (400 mg/kg BW), based on total solids and completed with physiological saline solution up to a total constant administration volume of 40 ml/kg BW and administered to 7 experimental groups: 5 treated, a positive control (furosemide, 20 mg/kg) and a negative control (NaCl, 0,9 %). Animals were placed in metabolic cages, decoctions administered and urinary excretion quantified after ½, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. After the urinary excretion, diuretic action and diuretic activity were calculated. Urine volumes were increased in all treated groups when compared to negative control, being superior in C. alata and P. americana and, at the same time, similar to the reference diuretic used. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8184 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The present study was designed to assess the influence of ACE inhibitors on the electrocardiograph of acute renal hypertensive rats. Acute Renal Hypertension (ARH) was induced in healthy Wistar male rats by clamping/occluding the left renal artery for 4 h. The ECG of the control (normotensive), sham-Operated, hypertensive and ARH Induced rats, treated with ramipril (2.5 mg/kg b.w. p.o) and captopril (4 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) were recorded using the computerized ECG recording system (NIVIQURE). The RR intervals in hypertensive rats were increased significantly when compared to control group. Ramipril increased the RR interval significantly (P < 0.001). However, captopril did not show statistically significant decrease in RR interval. The amplitude of the QRS complex in the hypertensive group was increased when compared to control group. There was a significant decrease in the amplitude of the QRS complex with ramipril and captopril (P < 0.001) treated ARH rats, when compared with hypertensive group. Blockade of the RAAS system is highly effective in preventing both hypertension and changes in the generation of impulse in the pacemaker and its conduction of the cardiac impulses, which is attributed by the deflections of ECG: P, QRS and T waves. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8184 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The present study was designed to assess the influence of ACE inhibitors on the electrocardiograph of acute renal hypertensive rats. Acute Renal Hypertension (ARH) was induced in healthy Wistar male rats by clamping/occluding the left renal artery for 4 h. The ECG of the control (normotensive), sham-Operated, hypertensive and ARH Induced rats, treated with ramipril (2.5 mg/kg b.w. p.o) and captopril (4 mg/kg b.w. p.o.) were recorded using the computerized ECG recording system (NIVIQURE). The RR intervals in hypertensive rats were increased significantly when compared to control group. Ramipril increased the RR interval significantly (P < 0.001). However, captopril did not show statistically significant decrease in RR interval. The amplitude of the QRS complex in the hypertensive group was increased when compared to control group. There was a significant decrease in the amplitude of the QRS complex with ramipril and captopril (P < 0.001) treated ARH rats, when compared with hypertensive group. Blockade of the RAAS system is highly effective in preventing both hypertension and changes in the generation of impulse in the pacemaker and its conduction of the cardiac impulses, which is attributed by the deflections of ECG: P, QRS and T waves. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8183 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is widely used in traditional medical system as a laxative agent against gastrointestinal hypo-motility disorders, such as constipation. The present research was carried out to rationalize its therapeutic potential in constipation. St. John's wort aqueous extract (Sw.Aq), which tested positive for presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins caused concentration-dependent (1.0-10 mg/mL) contractile effect in the isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. Pretreatment of tissues with atropine (0.1 µM) abolished the stimulatory effect of Sw.Aq, suggesting that the spasmogenic effect of St. John's wort is mediated possibly through muscarinic receptor activation. In the in-vivo studies, Sw.Aq exhibited laxative effect, reflected by increase in number of mice feces. These results indicate that Sw.Aq causes gut stimulation, via cholinergic mechanism and thus provides pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in gut hypo-motility disease, constipation. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8183 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is widely used in traditional medical system as a laxative agent against gastrointestinal hypo-motility disorders, such as constipation. The present research was carried out to rationalize its therapeutic potential in constipation. St. John's wort aqueous extract (Sw.Aq), which tested positive for presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins caused concentration-dependent (1.0-10 mg/mL) contractile effect in the isolated rabbit jejunum preparations. Pretreatment of tissues with atropine (0.1 µM) abolished the stimulatory effect of Sw.Aq, suggesting that the spasmogenic effect of St. John's wort is mediated possibly through muscarinic receptor activation. In the in-vivo studies, Sw.Aq exhibited laxative effect, reflected by increase in number of mice feces. These results indicate that Sw.Aq causes gut stimulation, via cholinergic mechanism and thus provides pharmacological basis for its medicinal use in gut hypo-motility disease, constipation. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8182 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS) method for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma was developed. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Restek Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 µm) column with (85: 15, v/v) methanol-water as mobile phase. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantify gemcitabine using target fragment ions m/z 264. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-4000 ng/mL for gemcitabine in plasma. Lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for gemcitabine was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of gemcitabine from plasma was in the range 91.0-95.5 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 10 %, respectively. This method is simple, sensitive and fast enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8182 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS) method for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma was developed. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Restek Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 µm) column with (85: 15, v/v) methanol-water as mobile phase. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode was used to quantify gemcitabine using target fragment ions m/z 264. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 5-4000 ng/mL for gemcitabine in plasma. Lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for gemcitabine was 5 ng/mL. Mean recovery of gemcitabine from plasma was in the range 91.0-95.5 %. RSD of intra-day and inter-day precision were less than 10 %, respectively. This method is simple, sensitive and fast enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of gemcitabine in rabbit plasma. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8181 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out for a series of 16 compounds which acts as ligands for PPAR-γ receptor. TSAR software was used to identify the essential structural and physicochemical features for their PPAR-γ agonistic activity by performing multiple regression analysis. Significant correlation coefficients (q² = 0.9178) was obtained. The predicted values are in good agreement with the observed activity, suggesting that the model could be useful in the design of novel, more potent PPAR-γ agonist. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8181 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies were carried out for a series of 16 compounds which acts as ligands for PPAR-γ receptor. TSAR software was used to identify the essential structural and physicochemical features for their PPAR-γ agonistic activity by performing multiple regression analysis. Significant correlation coefficients (q² = 0.9178) was obtained. The predicted values are in good agreement with the observed activity, suggesting that the model could be useful in the design of novel, more potent PPAR-γ agonist. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8180 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 A simple HPLC method was developed to study the pharmacokinetics of tobramycin in rat after intravenous administration. The plasma samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile after addition of the internal standard, netilmicin. The separation was achieved on a reversed-phase C18 column after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) in borate buffer (0.2 M, pH 6.5) for 15 min at 25 ºC. The mobile phase was water-acetonitrile (6:94, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were 265 and 315 nm, respectively. The method was linear over the range of 0.12-10.48 μg/mL for tobramycin in plasma. The limit of detection was 0.074 μg/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of tobramycin were both less than 6%. Both derivatives were stable in the reaction solution for 24 h at room temperature. This assay had been successfully applied to the in vivo kinetic study of tobramycin in rats. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8180 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z A simple HPLC method was developed to study the pharmacokinetics of tobramycin in rat after intravenous administration. The plasma samples were deproteinized with acetonitrile after addition of the internal standard, netilmicin. The separation was achieved on a reversed-phase C18 column after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC-Cl) in borate buffer (0.2 M, pH 6.5) for 15 min at 25 ºC. The mobile phase was water-acetonitrile (6:94, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths were 265 and 315 nm, respectively. The method was linear over the range of 0.12-10.48 μg/mL for tobramycin in plasma. The limit of detection was 0.074 μg/mL. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of tobramycin were both less than 6%. Both derivatives were stable in the reaction solution for 24 h at room temperature. This assay had been successfully applied to the in vivo kinetic study of tobramycin in rats. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8179 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Peptic ulcer is a chronic and recurrent disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Ulcerations can be brought about by inadequate dietetic habits leading to diminished mucosal resistance, increased acid secretion, or infection by Helicobacter pylori. Methanolic extracts from the leaves of Bauhinia purpurea, Dolichos lablab and Vitex parviflora were evaluated for their efficacy as an antiulcer agent in ethanol and aspirin-induced models in mice. All three plant extracts significantly reduced the number of ulcerations in both models of ulcer. Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and saponins were also found in the extracts and their bioactivity could be attributed to the presence of these secondary metabolites. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8179 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Peptic ulcer is a chronic and recurrent disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Ulcerations can be brought about by inadequate dietetic habits leading to diminished mucosal resistance, increased acid secretion, or infection by Helicobacter pylori. Methanolic extracts from the leaves of Bauhinia purpurea, Dolichos lablab and Vitex parviflora were evaluated for their efficacy as an antiulcer agent in ethanol and aspirin-induced models in mice. All three plant extracts significantly reduced the number of ulcerations in both models of ulcer. Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds and saponins were also found in the extracts and their bioactivity could be attributed to the presence of these secondary metabolites. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8178 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The aim of this study was to validate an agar diffusion method through the parameters linearity, precision and accuracy, to quantify apramycin in soluble powder. The calibration curve of apramycin was constructed by plotting log of concentrations (µg ml^-1) versus zone diameter (mm) and shows good linearity in the range of 1.0-4.0 µg ml^-1. The precision of the assay was determined by assaying samples at the same day (repeatability - R.S.D. = 2.00%) and on different days (intermediate precision - R.S.D. = 5.06%) and indicate good precision. The accuracy expresses the agreement between the accepted value and the value found. The mean recovery was found to be 100.49 % for apramycin soluble powder. The results indicated that the microbiological assay proposed in this work hold linearity, precision and accuracy being an acceptable alternative method for routine quality control of apramycin in the pharmaceutical dosage form studied. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8178 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The aim of this study was to validate an agar diffusion method through the parameters linearity, precision and accuracy, to quantify apramycin in soluble powder. The calibration curve of apramycin was constructed by plotting log of concentrations (µg ml^-1) versus zone diameter (mm) and shows good linearity in the range of 1.0-4.0 µg ml^-1. The precision of the assay was determined by assaying samples at the same day (repeatability - R.S.D. = 2.00%) and on different days (intermediate precision - R.S.D. = 5.06%) and indicate good precision. The accuracy expresses the agreement between the accepted value and the value found. The mean recovery was found to be 100.49 % for apramycin soluble powder. The results indicated that the microbiological assay proposed in this work hold linearity, precision and accuracy being an acceptable alternative method for routine quality control of apramycin in the pharmaceutical dosage form studied. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8177 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Studies were carried out on the rhizome of Lasia spinosa (L.). The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and the methanolic extract revealed moderate activities against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Vibrio parahemolyticus test organisms. The crude extracts and purified compound, meridinol (1) were screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi by the disc diffusion method. The cytotoxic potential of the extractives and meridinol was also determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the extractives demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts, one column fraction and compound 1 demonstrated LC90 of 11.22 μg/ml, 12.3 μg/ml, 13.49 μg/ml, 11.57 μg/ml and 15.85 μg/ml, respectively. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8177 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Studies were carried out on the rhizome of Lasia spinosa (L.). The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and the methanolic extract revealed moderate activities against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger and Vibrio parahemolyticus test organisms. The crude extracts and purified compound, meridinol (1) were screened for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi by the disc diffusion method. The cytotoxic potential of the extractives and meridinol was also determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay, where the extractives demonstrated significant cytotoxic activities. The petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol extracts, one column fraction and compound 1 demonstrated LC90 of 11.22 μg/ml, 12.3 μg/ml, 13.49 μg/ml, 11.57 μg/ml and 15.85 μg/ml, respectively. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8176 Comunicacion Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin was evaluated against nitrobenzene (NB) (50 mg/Kg bw, orally) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight were administered orally once every day for 7 successive days. The treatment restores the elevated levels of the liver marker enzymes such as alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase in serum and lipid peroxidation in tissue homogenate. Whereas the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase remains decreased in carcinogen induced group and after treatment the levels of antioxidant enzymes increased. Histopathological analysis of the NB induced animals showed severe necrosis and fatty infiltration in liver. After treatment with C. trifolia the rats showed regeneration of hepatocytes. The results thus support the use of C. trifolia as a hepatoprotective agent. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8176 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin was evaluated against nitrobenzene (NB) (50 mg/Kg bw, orally) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight were administered orally once every day for 7 successive days. The treatment restores the elevated levels of the liver marker enzymes such as alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase in serum and lipid peroxidation in tissue homogenate. Whereas the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase remains decreased in carcinogen induced group and after treatment the levels of antioxidant enzymes increased. Histopathological analysis of the NB induced animals showed severe necrosis and fatty infiltration in liver. After treatment with C. trifolia the rats showed regeneration of hepatocytes. The results thus support the use of C. trifolia as a hepatoprotective agent. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8175 Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 Ten compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris axialis H. Li (PA). Based on spectral data, the isolated compounds were identified as Diosgenin (1), Paris saponin V (2), Paris saponin VI (3), Paris saponin I 4), Paris saponin H (5), Paris saponin II (6), Paris saponin VII (7), luteolin (8), luteoloside (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glycopyranoside (10). Their cytotoxicity on LA795 cells was evaluated. Paris saponins and flavonoids have synergistic anti-tumor effect on LA795 cells. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8175 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z Ten compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris axialis H. Li (PA). Based on spectral data, the isolated compounds were identified as Diosgenin (1), Paris saponin V (2), Paris saponin VI (3), Paris saponin I 4), Paris saponin H (5), Paris saponin II (6), Paris saponin VII (7), luteolin (8), luteoloside (9), isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-β-D-glycopyranoside (10). Their cytotoxicity on LA795 cells was evaluated. Paris saponins and flavonoids have synergistic anti-tumor effect on LA795 cells. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8174 Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The objective of this work was to investigate feasibility of transdermal delivery of loratadine. Effect of pH, vehicles and chemical enhancers on the skin permeation of loratadine was studied in vitro, using rat abdominal skin as a barrier. In the permeation studies, horizontal 2-chamber diffusion cells were used. The amount of loratadine transferred through the skin into the receptor solution, 30 % ethanolsaline solution (v/v), was determined at a predetermined time intervals for 8 h using a high performance chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that transdermal transport of loratadine was not significantly affected by pH. 30 % ethanol-saline solution in donor chamber was more effective than 40 % PGsaline solution in deliverying loratadine in vitro. Among the permeation enhancers (azone, oleic acid, menthol, and borneol) examined, l-menthol and borneol showed the greatest enhancing effect using ethanol as a solvent. Overall, these findings allow a rational approach for designing an effective loratadine transdermal delivery system, it is worth carrying out further investigations. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8174 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The objective of this work was to investigate feasibility of transdermal delivery of loratadine. Effect of pH, vehicles and chemical enhancers on the skin permeation of loratadine was studied in vitro, using rat abdominal skin as a barrier. In the permeation studies, horizontal 2-chamber diffusion cells were used. The amount of loratadine transferred through the skin into the receptor solution, 30 % ethanolsaline solution (v/v), was determined at a predetermined time intervals for 8 h using a high performance chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that transdermal transport of loratadine was not significantly affected by pH. 30 % ethanol-saline solution in donor chamber was more effective than 40 % PGsaline solution in deliverying loratadine in vitro. Among the permeation enhancers (azone, oleic acid, menthol, and borneol) examined, l-menthol and borneol showed the greatest enhancing effect using ethanol as a solvent. Overall, these findings allow a rational approach for designing an effective loratadine transdermal delivery system, it is worth carrying out further investigations. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8173 Articulo Latin American Journal of Pharmacy; vol. 30, no. 3 The purpose of this study was to develop and validate analytical methods for determination of amlodipine besylate in tablets. Simple, accurate and precise liquid chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods are proposed. For the chromatographic method, the conditions were: a LiChrospher®100 RP-18 Merck® (125 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column; methanol/water containing 1 % of trietylamine adjusted to pH 5.0 with phosphoric acid (35:65) as mobile phase; a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detector at 238 nm. Linearity was in the range of 50.0 - 350.0 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9999. For the spectrophotometric method, the first dilutions of samples were performed in methanol and the consecutives in ultrapure water. The quantitation was made at 364.4 nm. Linearity was determined within the range of 41.0 - 61.0 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9996. Our results demonstrate that both methods can be used in routine analysis for quality control of tablets containing amlodipine besylate. Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/8173 2011-01-01T00:00:00Z The purpose of this study was to develop and validate analytical methods for determination of amlodipine besylate in tablets. Simple, accurate and precise liquid chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods are proposed. For the chromatographic method, the conditions were: a LiChrospher®100 RP-18 Merck® (125 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column; methanol/water containing 1 % of trietylamine adjusted to pH 5.0 with phosphoric acid (35:65) as mobile phase; a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detector at 238 nm. Linearity was in the range of 50.0 - 350.0 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9999. For the spectrophotometric method, the first dilutions of samples were performed in methanol and the consecutives in ultrapure water. The quantitation was made at 364.4 nm. Linearity was determined within the range of 41.0 - 61.0 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9996. Our results demonstrate that both methods can be used in routine analysis for quality control of tablets containing amlodipine besylate.