http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/85417 Fri, 13 Nov 2026 16:12:25 GMT 2026-11-13T16:12:25Z http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/199900 Articulo Research in Veterinary Science; vol. 93, no. 3 Polymorphisms at Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes have been associated with resistance/ susceptibility to infectious diseases in domestic animals. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate whether polymorphisms of the DRA gene the Equine Lymphocyte Antigen is associated with susceptibility to Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) infection in horses in Argentina. The equine DRA gene was screened for polymorphisms using Pyrosequencing Technology which allowed the detection of three ELA-DRA exon 2 alleles. Neither allele frequencies nor genotypic differentiation exhibited any statistically significant (P-values = 0.788 and 0.745) differences between the EAV-infected and no-infected horses. Fisher’s exact test and OR calculations did not show any significant association. As a consequence, no association could be established between the serological condition and ELA-DRA. Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/199900 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Polymorphisms at Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes have been associated with resistance/ susceptibility to infectious diseases in domestic animals. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate whether polymorphisms of the DRA gene the Equine Lymphocyte Antigen is associated with susceptibility to Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) infection in horses in Argentina. The equine DRA gene was screened for polymorphisms using Pyrosequencing Technology which allowed the detection of three ELA-DRA exon 2 alleles. Neither allele frequencies nor genotypic differentiation exhibited any statistically significant (P-values = 0.788 and 0.745) differences between the EAV-infected and no-infected horses. Fisher’s exact test and OR calculations did not show any significant association. As a consequence, no association could be established between the serological condition and ELA-DRA. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/199279 Articulo Evaluación de los patrones de neutralización de las únicas cinco cepas argentinas descritas de arteritis viral equina Revista Argentina de Microbiología; vol. 42 Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious viral disease that frequently causes mild or subclinical infections in adult horses. Only one EAV serotype has been described. However, there are differences in antigenicity, pathogenicity and neutralization characteristics of virus field strains. The interaction of two viral proteins, GP5 and M, is critical for infectivity and amino acid changes in the GP5 sequences have an effect on the neutralizing phenotype, regardless the effects of other viral proteins. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the neutralization phenotypes of the 5 unique Argentine EAV strains reported and to compare them with the neutralization phenotypes of the EAV-UCD reference strain, with special emphasis on the analysis of M and GP5 proteins. The strains had a similar neutralization phenotype pattern when anti-EAV serum, derived from EAV seropositive horses, was used in the analysis. Meanwhile, low titers were observed when equine polyclonal anti-EAV reference sera were used in the assay. Argentine strains have almost the same amino acid substitutions, with the exception of LP01 strain, that mainly involves the first variable region V1, especially in neutralization sites B and C. However, they are fairly different from the EAV-UCD strain. Nevertheless, the nucleotide and amino acid differences observed among the Argentine strains LP02/R, LP02/C, LP02/P and LP-LT-ARG did not show any variations in the neutralization phenotype.; La arteritis viral equina (AVE) ocasiona infecciones, en su mayoría subclínicas, pero puede causar abortos y enfermedad respiratoria. Si bien se ha descrito un solo serotipo de AVE, existen diferencias en cuanto a la antigenicidad, patogenicidad y patrones de neutralización en las cepas de campo. Los ORF5 y ORF6 del virus codifican las proteínas de envoltura GP5 y M; la interacción entre estas proteínas es crítica para la infectividad. Los cambios en las secuencias de aminoácidos en la proteína GP5, especialmente en la región V1, afectan el fenotipo neutralizante, sin tener en cuenta variaciones aminoacídicas de otras proteínas virales. En este estudio evaluamos los fenotipos neutralizantes de las 5 únicas cepas de arteritis viral equina aisladas en Argentina y los comparamos con los de la cepa de referencia EAV-UCD por virus neutralización cruzada y análisis de secuencias aminoacídicas de las proteínas M y GP5. Las cepas argentinas presentaron un patrón de neutralización similar cuando se utilizaron sueros positivos del banco de sueros, mientras que fueron neutralizadas en menor medida por los sueros policlonales de referencia anti-AVE. A excepción de la cepa LP01, las cepas argentinas tienen casi las mismas sustituciones aminoacídicas en la primera región variable V1 de la proteína GP5, específicamente en los sitios neutralizantes B y C, pero difieren en gran medida respecto de la cepa de referencia EAV-UCD. Las diferencias encontradas en los aislamientos LP02/R, LP02/C, LP02/P y LT-LP-ARG no se reflejaron en variaciones en el fenotipo neutralizante. Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/199279 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious viral disease that frequently causes mild or subclinical infections in adult horses. Only one EAV serotype has been described. However, there are differences in antigenicity, pathogenicity and neutralization characteristics of virus field strains. The interaction of two viral proteins, GP5 and M, is critical for infectivity and amino acid changes in the GP5 sequences have an effect on the neutralizing phenotype, regardless the effects of other viral proteins. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the neutralization phenotypes of the 5 unique Argentine EAV strains reported and to compare them with the neutralization phenotypes of the EAV-UCD reference strain, with special emphasis on the analysis of M and GP5 proteins. The strains had a similar neutralization phenotype pattern when anti-EAV serum, derived from EAV seropositive horses, was used in the analysis. Meanwhile, low titers were observed when equine polyclonal anti-EAV reference sera were used in the assay. Argentine strains have almost the same amino acid substitutions, with the exception of LP01 strain, that mainly involves the first variable region V1, especially in neutralization sites B and C. However, they are fairly different from the EAV-UCD strain. Nevertheless, the nucleotide and amino acid differences observed among the Argentine strains LP02/R, LP02/C, LP02/P and LP-LT-ARG did not show any variations in the neutralization phenotype. La arteritis viral equina (AVE) ocasiona infecciones, en su mayoría subclínicas, pero puede causar abortos y enfermedad respiratoria. Si bien se ha descrito un solo serotipo de AVE, existen diferencias en cuanto a la antigenicidad, patogenicidad y patrones de neutralización en las cepas de campo. Los ORF5 y ORF6 del virus codifican las proteínas de envoltura GP5 y M; la interacción entre estas proteínas es crítica para la infectividad. Los cambios en las secuencias de aminoácidos en la proteína GP5, especialmente en la región V1, afectan el fenotipo neutralizante, sin tener en cuenta variaciones aminoacídicas de otras proteínas virales. En este estudio evaluamos los fenotipos neutralizantes de las 5 únicas cepas de arteritis viral equina aisladas en Argentina y los comparamos con los de la cepa de referencia EAV-UCD por virus neutralización cruzada y análisis de secuencias aminoacídicas de las proteínas M y GP5. Las cepas argentinas presentaron un patrón de neutralización similar cuando se utilizaron sueros positivos del banco de sueros, mientras que fueron neutralizadas en menor medida por los sueros policlonales de referencia anti-AVE. A excepción de la cepa LP01, las cepas argentinas tienen casi las mismas sustituciones aminoacídicas en la primera región variable V1 de la proteína GP5, específicamente en los sitios neutralizantes B y C, pero difieren en gran medida respecto de la cepa de referencia EAV-UCD. Las diferencias encontradas en los aislamientos LP02/R, LP02/C, LP02/P y LT-LP-ARG no se reflejaron en variaciones en el fenotipo neutralizante. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/198165 Objeto de conferencia I Jornada Nacional de Articulación en Docencia, Investigación, Extensión y Servicio de las carreras de Microbiología (JACaM) (Modalidad virtual, 29 y 30 de octubre de 2021); Diálogos entre carreras en Microbiología: Primera Jornada Nacional de Articulación en Docencia, Investigación, Extensión y Servicio de las carreras de Microbiología La presente propuesta de intervención surge en el contexto de adaptación curricular que está atravesando la carrera de Microbiología Clínica e Industrial tras la aprobación de la modificación del plan de estudios. Dicha modificación compromete una drástica transformación curricular y organizativa que conduce a los docentes involucrados a reformular los contenidos y analizar las prácticas docentes con el objetivo de optimizar los recursos económicos y humanos disponibles para facilitar la transición. Por esta razón se propone realizar un relevamiento de información secuencial que abordará tres ejes principales: Docentes – Contenidos y Propuestas, a continuación se esquematiza las principales actividades de la propuesta. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/198165 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z La presente propuesta de intervención surge en el contexto de adaptación curricular que está atravesando la carrera de Microbiología Clínica e Industrial tras la aprobación de la modificación del plan de estudios. Dicha modificación compromete una drástica transformación curricular y organizativa que conduce a los docentes involucrados a reformular los contenidos y analizar las prácticas docentes con el objetivo de optimizar los recursos económicos y humanos disponibles para facilitar la transición. Por esta razón se propone realizar un relevamiento de información secuencial que abordará tres ejes principales: Docentes – Contenidos y Propuestas, a continuación se esquematiza las principales actividades de la propuesta. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/198163 Objeto de conferencia I Jornada Nacional de Articulación en Docencia, Investigación, Extensión y Servicio de las carreras de Microbiología (JACaM) (Modalidad virtual, 29 y 30 de octubre de 2021); Diálogos entre carreras en Microbiología: Primera Jornada Nacional de Articulación en Docencia, Investigación, Extensión y Servicio de las carreras de Microbiología El presente trabajo fue realizado en el 2020 en el marco del desarrollo de trabajo final integrador (TFI) de la especialización en docencia universitaria que plantea una propuesta de articulación curricular para la carrera de Microbiología Clínica e Industrial (CMCI). En este contexto se realizó una encuesta piloto dirigida a los docentes de la CMCI con el objetivo de tipificar sus labores académicas, identificar sus áreas de experticia e inquietudes académicas; así como de relevar información acerca de su vinculación con proyectos de investigación, extensión, transferencia tecnológica; y el desempeño de actividades en otras áreas del ejercicio profesional que puedan ser integradas a su rol docente. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/198163 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z El presente trabajo fue realizado en el 2020 en el marco del desarrollo de trabajo final integrador (TFI) de la especialización en docencia universitaria que plantea una propuesta de articulación curricular para la carrera de Microbiología Clínica e Industrial (CMCI). En este contexto se realizó una encuesta piloto dirigida a los docentes de la CMCI con el objetivo de tipificar sus labores académicas, identificar sus áreas de experticia e inquietudes académicas; así como de relevar información acerca de su vinculación con proyectos de investigación, extensión, transferencia tecnológica; y el desempeño de actividades en otras áreas del ejercicio profesional que puedan ser integradas a su rol docente. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/197040 Articulo Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports; vol. 65 The BoLA-DRB3 gene is one of the most polymorphic loci in cattle, with alleles associated with susceptibility or resistance to several infectious diseases, including leukosis, mastitis, and hemotropic infections. In this study, we assessed the genetic diversity of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in three Colombian Creole cattle breeds and examined its association with natural infections by Anaplasma marginale and Babesia spp. in northeastern Colombia. A total of 97 animals (Chino – CrChi, n = 34; Casanareño - CrCAS-, n = 32; Sanmartinero - CrSM-, n = 31) from Arauca, Casanare, Meta, and Santander departments were genotyped using PCR–direct sequencing of the second exon of the BoLA-DRB3 gene. Overall genetic diversity was moderate, with a nucleotide diversity of π = 0.086, a mean pairwise distance of 18.97, and 62 segregating sites. Among the breeds, CrCAS showed the highest diversity, followed by CrChi and CrSM. We identified 35 BoLA-DRB3 alleles, 34 of which were previously reported in the IPD-MHC database, while one was novel. The CrChi population showed significant deviation from Har­ dy–Weinberg equilibrium. Two alleles, BoLA-DRB3*001:01 and BoLA-DRB3*025:01:01, were significantly associated with reduced risk of B. bigemina infection in CrSM, whereas BoLA-DRB3*048:02 was linked to increased susceptibility to B. bovis in CrChi. This study confirms the high genetic variability of Colombian Creole cattle breeds. The high frequency of alleles associated with B. bigemina infection in CrSM highlights its potential as a genetic reservoir for future studies evaluating the heritability and functionality of these alleles. In contrast, the elevated frequency of a susceptibility-associated allele for B. bovis infection in CrChi, together with evidence of inbreeding, underscores the urgent need for targeted conservation and breeding strategies to preserve genetic diversity and reduce disease vulnerability to infectious diseases in this breed. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/197040 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z The BoLA-DRB3 gene is one of the most polymorphic loci in cattle, with alleles associated with susceptibility or resistance to several infectious diseases, including leukosis, mastitis, and hemotropic infections. In this study, we assessed the genetic diversity of the BoLA-DRB3 gene in three Colombian Creole cattle breeds and examined its association with natural infections by Anaplasma marginale and Babesia spp. in northeastern Colombia. A total of 97 animals (Chino – CrChi, n = 34; Casanareño - CrCAS-, n = 32; Sanmartinero - CrSM-, n = 31) from Arauca, Casanare, Meta, and Santander departments were genotyped using PCR–direct sequencing of the second exon of the BoLA-DRB3 gene. Overall genetic diversity was moderate, with a nucleotide diversity of π = 0.086, a mean pairwise distance of 18.97, and 62 segregating sites. Among the breeds, CrCAS showed the highest diversity, followed by CrChi and CrSM. We identified 35 BoLA-DRB3 alleles, 34 of which were previously reported in the IPD-MHC database, while one was novel. The CrChi population showed significant deviation from Har­ dy–Weinberg equilibrium. Two alleles, BoLA-DRB3*001:01 and BoLA-DRB3*025:01:01, were significantly associated with reduced risk of B. bigemina infection in CrSM, whereas BoLA-DRB3*048:02 was linked to increased susceptibility to B. bovis in CrChi. This study confirms the high genetic variability of Colombian Creole cattle breeds. The high frequency of alleles associated with B. bigemina infection in CrSM highlights its potential as a genetic reservoir for future studies evaluating the heritability and functionality of these alleles. In contrast, the elevated frequency of a susceptibility-associated allele for B. bovis infection in CrChi, together with evidence of inbreeding, underscores the urgent need for targeted conservation and breeding strategies to preserve genetic diversity and reduce disease vulnerability to infectious diseases in this breed. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/195384 Articulo Pathogens; vol. 15, no. 4 The occurrence of Escherichia coli resistant to high-priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA) in the food chain is a growing concern for food safety and public health. This study aimed to evaluate whether HPCIA-resistant E. coli isolated from pork and chicken meat at retail markets in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, exhibit source-associated genomic differentiation through whole-genome sequencing. The isolates displayed a polyclonal population structure, encompassing multiple phylogenetic groups and sequence types. Virulence gene profiles were highly diverse, with chicken-derived isolates harbouring a substantially higher number of virulence genes than pork isolates. Notably, one pork isolate carried a complete set of virulence genes characteristic of diarrheagenic E. coli. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-based phylogenetic analysis revealed several closely related subclusters, including strains recovered from both pork and chicken meat from the same retail markets, suggesting recent clonal sharing or cross-contamination at the point of sale. These findings highlight the circulation of genetically diverse HPCIA-resistant E. coli in retail meat, underscoring the potential public health risk and the importance of monitoring resistance and virulence determinants throughout the food production chain. Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/195384 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z The occurrence of Escherichia coli resistant to high-priority critically important antimicrobials (HPCIA) in the food chain is a growing concern for food safety and public health. This study aimed to evaluate whether HPCIA-resistant E. coli isolated from pork and chicken meat at retail markets in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, exhibit source-associated genomic differentiation through whole-genome sequencing. The isolates displayed a polyclonal population structure, encompassing multiple phylogenetic groups and sequence types. Virulence gene profiles were highly diverse, with chicken-derived isolates harbouring a substantially higher number of virulence genes than pork isolates. Notably, one pork isolate carried a complete set of virulence genes characteristic of diarrheagenic E. coli. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-based phylogenetic analysis revealed several closely related subclusters, including strains recovered from both pork and chicken meat from the same retail markets, suggesting recent clonal sharing or cross-contamination at the point of sale. These findings highlight the circulation of genetically diverse HPCIA-resistant E. coli in retail meat, underscoring the potential public health risk and the importance of monitoring resistance and virulence determinants throughout the food production chain. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/195369 Articulo Magnetochemistry; vol. 12, no. 2 In this work, we evaluate the efficiency of a DNA purification protocol from gynecological samples using locally synthesized Fe3 O4 @SiO2 magnetic microparticles and a low-cost, guanidinium thiocyanate (GITC)-free lysis buffer. The microparticles were characterized by SEM, EDS, FTIR, and magnetic measurements, confirming the formation of compact silica- coated aggregates with suitable magnetic responsiveness for rapid and complete capture. Using this material in combination with a simple, GITC-free lysis buffer, we achieved DNA extraction yields comparable to those obtained with standard methods based on chaotropic salts. The purified DNA showed high compatibility with molecular assays for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and human papilloma virus. Clinical validation demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with only a few discrepancies observed in samples near the detection threshold of qPCR, a limitation shared with commercial kits. Overall, the method represents a low-cost, safe, and sustainable alternative for routine clinical and epidemiological applications, compared to methods based on chaotropic salt buffers. Furthermore, it reduces reliance on imported commercial consumables and minimizes the handling of hazardous reagents. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/195369 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z In this work, we evaluate the efficiency of a DNA purification protocol from gynecological samples using locally synthesized Fe3 O4 @SiO2 magnetic microparticles and a low-cost, guanidinium thiocyanate (GITC)-free lysis buffer. The microparticles were characterized by SEM, EDS, FTIR, and magnetic measurements, confirming the formation of compact silica- coated aggregates with suitable magnetic responsiveness for rapid and complete capture. Using this material in combination with a simple, GITC-free lysis buffer, we achieved DNA extraction yields comparable to those obtained with standard methods based on chaotropic salts. The purified DNA showed high compatibility with molecular assays for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and human papilloma virus. Clinical validation demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance, with only a few discrepancies observed in samples near the detection threshold of qPCR, a limitation shared with commercial kits. Overall, the method represents a low-cost, safe, and sustainable alternative for routine clinical and epidemiological applications, compared to methods based on chaotropic salt buffers. Furthermore, it reduces reliance on imported commercial consumables and minimizes the handling of hazardous reagents. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/193787 Articulo Immunogenetics; vol. 77, art. 28 Genetic diversity of the bovine leukocyte antigen BoLA-DRB3 gene has been reported in cattle breeds due to its central role in immune response. However, the gene has been characterized in only a few Latin American native cattle breeds. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of this gene in other native bovine breeds from Argentina, Bolivia, Cuba, and Paraguay, thereby contributing to the global knowledge regarding BoLA-DRB3 diversity. The gene was genotyped using PCR-sequence-based typing; 60 reported alleles and one novel variant were identified. The observed and expected heterozygosity values were higher than 0.81, and only two populations showed deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Slatkin neutrality test indicated even allele distribution in one population. Nucleotide diversity and the number of pairwise differences ranged from 0.073 to 0.081 and 17.88 to 20.19, respectively. The mean number of non-synonymous and synonymous nucleotide substitutions was estimated for the entire sequence and the antigen-binding site (ABS), with higher values observed in the latter. Amino acid motifs varied in their frequencies, and the diversifying selection index (ω) at each amino acid was high in more than 25 sites, with the most prominent peaks located in the ABS. A distribution of native cattle according to their historical and geographical origin and degree of Zebu gene introgression demonstrated that the Latin American native populations exhibit high variability in the BoLA-DRB3 gene, including private alleles, and a distinct genetic profile, making them a valuable genetic resource and emphasizing the importance of their conservation. Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/193787 2025-09-29T00:00:00Z Genetic diversity of the bovine leukocyte antigen BoLA-DRB3 gene has been reported in cattle breeds due to its central role in immune response. However, the gene has been characterized in only a few Latin American native cattle breeds. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of this gene in other native bovine breeds from Argentina, Bolivia, Cuba, and Paraguay, thereby contributing to the global knowledge regarding BoLA-DRB3 diversity. The gene was genotyped using PCR-sequence-based typing; 60 reported alleles and one novel variant were identified. The observed and expected heterozygosity values were higher than 0.81, and only two populations showed deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Slatkin neutrality test indicated even allele distribution in one population. Nucleotide diversity and the number of pairwise differences ranged from 0.073 to 0.081 and 17.88 to 20.19, respectively. The mean number of non-synonymous and synonymous nucleotide substitutions was estimated for the entire sequence and the antigen-binding site (ABS), with higher values observed in the latter. Amino acid motifs varied in their frequencies, and the diversifying selection index (ω) at each amino acid was high in more than 25 sites, with the most prominent peaks located in the ABS. A distribution of native cattle according to their historical and geographical origin and degree of Zebu gene introgression demonstrated that the Latin American native populations exhibit high variability in the BoLA-DRB3 gene, including private alleles, and a distinct genetic profile, making them a valuable genetic resource and emphasizing the importance of their conservation. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/193782 Articulo BMC Genomic Data; vol. 26, art. 79 The combined use of NGS technologies with bioinformatics tools has significantly advanced research by enabling comprehensive analyses of entire genomes, specific genomic regions of interest, and transcriptomes. Targeted NGS methods, which focus on smaller genome fractions, are widely used to study genetic diseases, epigenetic modifications, microbiomes, and environmental DNA, among other applications. This study aimed to develop a roadmap for detecting and selecting polymorphisms in candidate genes by integrating amplicon NGS-Target techniques with bioinformatics analyses. Sixty-eight genes associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis were selected to develop the amplicon NGS assay, comprising 730 regions that cover a total of 136,274 bp. This method was used to sequence 75 Guzerat cattle, a dual-purpose breed from Brazil, renowned for their high rusticity and adaptability. This Zebu cattle exhibit certain limitations, such as delayed puberty onset, which can reduce reproductive efficiency. Using the GATK protocol a total of 2,600 SNPs and 1,615 indels were detected. A series of consecutive filtering steps (maf, the detection of non-synonymous substitution, phylogenetic amino acid conservation, and biochemical properties) were used, resulting in a subset of 30 candidate SNPs. Then, these polymorphisms were analysed using bioinformatic tools (SIFT, PANTHER, PolyPhen2, and MutPred), identifying 5 SNPs with high effect on the protein. Their structure and stability were estimated using AlphaFold and DDMut. Finally, 3 candidate polymorphisms (IGF1R, LHCGR, TAC3R) with potentially significant effects on the protein remained to be validated through dynamic simulations or in vitro and in vivo experimental assays. Tue, 28 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/193782 2025-10-28T00:00:00Z The combined use of NGS technologies with bioinformatics tools has significantly advanced research by enabling comprehensive analyses of entire genomes, specific genomic regions of interest, and transcriptomes. Targeted NGS methods, which focus on smaller genome fractions, are widely used to study genetic diseases, epigenetic modifications, microbiomes, and environmental DNA, among other applications. This study aimed to develop a roadmap for detecting and selecting polymorphisms in candidate genes by integrating amplicon NGS-Target techniques with bioinformatics analyses. Sixty-eight genes associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis were selected to develop the amplicon NGS assay, comprising 730 regions that cover a total of 136,274 bp. This method was used to sequence 75 Guzerat cattle, a dual-purpose breed from Brazil, renowned for their high rusticity and adaptability. This Zebu cattle exhibit certain limitations, such as delayed puberty onset, which can reduce reproductive efficiency. Using the GATK protocol a total of 2,600 SNPs and 1,615 indels were detected. A series of consecutive filtering steps (maf, the detection of non-synonymous substitution, phylogenetic amino acid conservation, and biochemical properties) were used, resulting in a subset of 30 candidate SNPs. Then, these polymorphisms were analysed using bioinformatic tools (SIFT, PANTHER, PolyPhen2, and MutPred), identifying 5 SNPs with high effect on the protein. Their structure and stability were estimated using AlphaFold and DDMut. Finally, 3 candidate polymorphisms (IGF1R, LHCGR, TAC3R) with potentially significant effects on the protein remained to be validated through dynamic simulations or in vitro and in vivo experimental assays. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/190185 Objeto de conferencia LIV Reuniao Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia (Brasil, 2017) Pregnancy rates achieved by yearling bulls (15 months old of age) in natural breeding are similar to those obtained by adult breeding males. Reproductive use of yearling bulls involves: a) Lower cost of kilogram produced calf from the commercial herd standpoint because to its lower commercial value when compared to adult bull sale and longer useful lifetime. From seedstock herd view reduce time to sale by 12 months and thus lower cost too. b) Reduces generation interval gaining in genetic progress and selection pressure. c) In heifers, genetic correlations between traits decreases pubertal age. The aim of this work was assessment of scrotal circumference as predictor of pubertal phase start in Angus yearling bulls grown in grassland. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/190185 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Pregnancy rates achieved by yearling bulls (15 months old of age) in natural breeding are similar to those obtained by adult breeding males. Reproductive use of yearling bulls involves: a) Lower cost of kilogram produced calf from the commercial herd standpoint because to its lower commercial value when compared to adult bull sale and longer useful lifetime. From seedstock herd view reduce time to sale by 12 months and thus lower cost too. b) Reduces generation interval gaining in genetic progress and selection pressure. c) In heifers, genetic correlations between traits decreases pubertal age. The aim of this work was assessment of scrotal circumference as predictor of pubertal phase start in Angus yearling bulls grown in grassland. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/189292 Articulo Pathogens; vol. 14, no. 10 Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), an oncogenic retrovirus of the genus Deltaretrovirus, causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), the most prevalent neoplastic disease in cattle and a major source of economic loss. While BLV prevalence has been studied in commercial breeds, data on native Latin American cattle remain limited. This study assessed BLV infection and proviral load in 244 animals from six native breeds: Argentine Creole (CrAr), Patagonian Argentine Creole (CrArPat), Pampa Chaqueño Creole (CrPaCh), Bolivian Creole from Cochabamba (CrCoch), Saavedreño Creole (CrSaa), and Siboney (Sib), sampled across Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Cuba. BLV-CoCoMo-qPCR-2 assay detected BLV provirus in 76 animals (31.1%), with a mean load of 9923 copies per 105 cells (range: 1–79,740). Infection rates varied significantly by breed (9.8% in CrAr to 83.8% in CrPaCh) and country (15.6% in Argentina to 83.8% in Paraguay) (p = 9.999 × 10−5). Among positives, 57.9% exhibited low proviral load (≤1000 copies), and 13.2% showed moderate levels (1001–9999), suggesting potential resistance to EBL progression. This is the first comprehensive report of BLV proviral load in Creole cattle across Latin America, offering novel epidemiological insights and highlighting the importance of native breeds in BLV surveillance. Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/189292 2025-10-01T00:00:00Z Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), an oncogenic retrovirus of the genus Deltaretrovirus, causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), the most prevalent neoplastic disease in cattle and a major source of economic loss. While BLV prevalence has been studied in commercial breeds, data on native Latin American cattle remain limited. This study assessed BLV infection and proviral load in 244 animals from six native breeds: Argentine Creole (CrAr), Patagonian Argentine Creole (CrArPat), Pampa Chaqueño Creole (CrPaCh), Bolivian Creole from Cochabamba (CrCoch), Saavedreño Creole (CrSaa), and Siboney (Sib), sampled across Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Cuba. BLV-CoCoMo-qPCR-2 assay detected BLV provirus in 76 animals (31.1%), with a mean load of 9923 copies per 105 cells (range: 1–79,740). Infection rates varied significantly by breed (9.8% in CrAr to 83.8% in CrPaCh) and country (15.6% in Argentina to 83.8% in Paraguay) (p = 9.999 × 10−5). Among positives, 57.9% exhibited low proviral load (≤1000 copies), and 13.2% showed moderate levels (1001–9999), suggesting potential resistance to EBL progression. This is the first comprehensive report of BLV proviral load in Creole cattle across Latin America, offering novel epidemiological insights and highlighting the importance of native breeds in BLV surveillance. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/167728 Articulo BMC Genomics; vol. 25 Introduction The Ovar-DRB1 gene, a crucial element of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II region, initiates adaptive immunity by presenting antigens to T-cells. Genetic diversity in sheep, particularly in MHC Class II genes like Ovar-DRB1, directly influences the specturm of presented antigens impacting immune responses and disease susceptability. Understanding the allelic diversity of Ovar-DRB1 gene in Sudan Desert Sheep (SDS) is essential for uncovering the genetic basis of immune responses and disease resistance, given the the breeds significance in Sudan’s unique environment. Methods Utilizing Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) we explore allelic diversity in Ovar-DRB1 gene within SDS. Successfully ampliying and and sequencing the second exon of this gene in 288 SDS samples representing six breeds provided a comprehensive allelic profile, enabling a detalied examination of the gene’s genetic makeup. Results We identifed forty-six alleles, including four previously unreported, enrichness the genetic diversity of SDS breeds. These alleles exhibiting non-uniform distribution, varying frequencies across breeds, indicating a breed-specific genetic landscape. Certain alleles, known and novel, show higher frequencies in specific populations, suggesting potential associations with adaptive immune responses. Identifying these alleles sets the stage for investigating their functional roles and implications for disease resistance. Genetic differentiation among SDS breeds, as indicated by FST values and clustering analyses, highlights a unique genetic makeup shaped by geographic and historical factors. These differentiation patterns among SDS breeds have broader implications for breed conservation and targeted breeding to enhance disease resistance in specific populations. Conclusion This study unveils Ovar-DRB1 gene allelic diversity in SDS breeds through targeted NGS and genetic analyses, revealing new alleles that underscore the breeds’ unique genetic profile. Insights into the genetic factors governing immune responses and disease resistance emerge, promising for optimization of breeding strategies for enhanced livestock health in Sudan’s unique environment. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/167728 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Introduction The Ovar-DRB1 gene, a crucial element of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II region, initiates adaptive immunity by presenting antigens to T-cells. Genetic diversity in sheep, particularly in MHC Class II genes like Ovar-DRB1, directly influences the specturm of presented antigens impacting immune responses and disease susceptability. Understanding the allelic diversity of Ovar-DRB1 gene in Sudan Desert Sheep (SDS) is essential for uncovering the genetic basis of immune responses and disease resistance, given the the breeds significance in Sudan’s unique environment. Methods Utilizing Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) we explore allelic diversity in Ovar-DRB1 gene within SDS. Successfully ampliying and and sequencing the second exon of this gene in 288 SDS samples representing six breeds provided a comprehensive allelic profile, enabling a detalied examination of the gene’s genetic makeup. Results We identifed forty-six alleles, including four previously unreported, enrichness the genetic diversity of SDS breeds. These alleles exhibiting non-uniform distribution, varying frequencies across breeds, indicating a breed-specific genetic landscape. Certain alleles, known and novel, show higher frequencies in specific populations, suggesting potential associations with adaptive immune responses. Identifying these alleles sets the stage for investigating their functional roles and implications for disease resistance. Genetic differentiation among SDS breeds, as indicated by FST values and clustering analyses, highlights a unique genetic makeup shaped by geographic and historical factors. These differentiation patterns among SDS breeds have broader implications for breed conservation and targeted breeding to enhance disease resistance in specific populations. Conclusion This study unveils Ovar-DRB1 gene allelic diversity in SDS breeds through targeted NGS and genetic analyses, revealing new alleles that underscore the breeds’ unique genetic profile. Insights into the genetic factors governing immune responses and disease resistance emerge, promising for optimization of breeding strategies for enhanced livestock health in Sudan’s unique environment. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/160996 Articulo Pharmaceutics; vol. 15,no.8 Plant and herbal essential oils (EOs) offer a wide range of pharmacological actions that include anticancer effects. Here, we evaluated the cytotoxic activity of EO from Lippia alba (chemotype linalool), L. alba (chemotype dihydrocarvone, LaDEO), Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze (CnEO), Eucalyptus globulus, Origanum × paniculatum, Mentha × piperita, Mentha arvensis L., and Rosmarinus officinalis L. against human lung (A549) and colon (HCT-116) cancer cells. The cells were treated with increasing EO concentrations (0–500 µL/L) for 24 h, and cytotoxic activity was assessed. LaDEO and CnEO were the most potent EOs evaluated (IC50 range, 145–275 µL/L). The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was used to determine their composition. Considering EO limitations as therapeutic agents (poor water solubility, volatilization, and oxidation), we evaluated whether LaDEO and CnEO encapsulation into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN/EO) enhanced their anticancer activity. Highly stable spherical SLN/LaDEO and SLN/CnEO SLN/EO were obtained, with a mean diameter of 140–150 nm, narrow size dispersion, and Z potential around −5mV. EO encapsulation strongly increased their anticancer activity, particularly in A549 cells exposed to SLN/CnEO (IC50 = 66 µL/L CnEO). The physicochemical characterization, biosafety, and anticancer mechanisms of SLN/CnEO were also evaluated in A549 cells. SLN/CnEO containing 97 ± 1% CnEO was highly stable for up to 6 months. An increased in vitro CnEO release from SLN at an acidic pH (endolysosomal compartment) was observed. SLN/CnEO proved to be safe against blood components and non-toxic for normal WI-38 cells at therapeutic concentrations. SLN/CnEO substantially enhanced A549 cell death and cell migration inhibition compared with free CnEO. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/160996 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Plant and herbal essential oils (EOs) offer a wide range of pharmacological actions that include anticancer effects. Here, we evaluated the cytotoxic activity of EO from Lippia alba (chemotype linalool), L. alba (chemotype dihydrocarvone, LaDEO), Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze (CnEO), Eucalyptus globulus, Origanum × paniculatum, Mentha × piperita, Mentha arvensis L., and Rosmarinus officinalis L. against human lung (A549) and colon (HCT-116) cancer cells. The cells were treated with increasing EO concentrations (0–500 µL/L) for 24 h, and cytotoxic activity was assessed. LaDEO and CnEO were the most potent EOs evaluated (IC50 range, 145–275 µL/L). The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method was used to determine their composition. Considering EO limitations as therapeutic agents (poor water solubility, volatilization, and oxidation), we evaluated whether LaDEO and CnEO encapsulation into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN/EO) enhanced their anticancer activity. Highly stable spherical SLN/LaDEO and SLN/CnEO SLN/EO were obtained, with a mean diameter of 140–150 nm, narrow size dispersion, and Z potential around −5mV. EO encapsulation strongly increased their anticancer activity, particularly in A549 cells exposed to SLN/CnEO (IC50 = 66 µL/L CnEO). The physicochemical characterization, biosafety, and anticancer mechanisms of SLN/CnEO were also evaluated in A549 cells. SLN/CnEO containing 97 ± 1% CnEO was highly stable for up to 6 months. An increased in vitro CnEO release from SLN at an acidic pH (endolysosomal compartment) was observed. SLN/CnEO proved to be safe against blood components and non-toxic for normal WI-38 cells at therapeutic concentrations. SLN/CnEO substantially enhanced A549 cell death and cell migration inhibition compared with free CnEO. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/159777 Articulo Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases; vol. 14, no. 6 The objective of this work was to characterize the Argentine Creole cattle breed through the identification of individual phenotypic variations in the levels of infestation with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. We evaluated 179 heifers exposed to successive artificial infestations from 2015 to 2018, achieving a total of 663 observations. Tick counts were assessed with the linear mixed model, considering year of evaluation, time of infestation, dam’s age and nutritional status during the evaluated period as fixed effects. The average tick count value obtained allowed to classify the breed as highly resistant to the tick charge (99.3%). Although the previous nutritional condition of the animals did not affect the individual charge response, weight gain during the trial showed a significantly negative correlation. We conclude that the Argentine Creole breed is an attractive genetic alternative for cattle breeding in endemic regions, either as a pure breed or a cross-breed. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/159777 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z The objective of this work was to characterize the Argentine Creole cattle breed through the identification of individual phenotypic variations in the levels of infestation with Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. We evaluated 179 heifers exposed to successive artificial infestations from 2015 to 2018, achieving a total of 663 observations. Tick counts were assessed with the linear mixed model, considering year of evaluation, time of infestation, dam’s age and nutritional status during the evaluated period as fixed effects. The average tick count value obtained allowed to classify the breed as highly resistant to the tick charge (99.3%). Although the previous nutritional condition of the animals did not affect the individual charge response, weight gain during the trial showed a significantly negative correlation. We conclude that the Argentine Creole breed is an attractive genetic alternative for cattle breeding in endemic regions, either as a pure breed or a cross-breed. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/156291 Articulo Frontiers in Veterinary Science; vol. 9 The loss of genetic variability in livestock populations bred under strict selection processes is a growing concern, as it may lead to increased inbreeding values and lower fertility, as a consequence of the “inbreeding depression” effect. This is particularly important in horses, where inbreeding levels tend to rise as individuals become more and more closely related. In this study, we evaluated the effect of increased inbreeding levels on mare fertility by combining an SNP-based genomic approach using runs of homozygosity and the estimation of genetic breeding values for reproductive traits in a large population of Pura Raza Española mares. Our results showed a negative correlation between whole-genome homozygosity and fertility estimated breeding values (EBVs) at the genome level (ρ = −0.144). However, the analysis at chromosome level revealed a wide variability, with some chromosomes showing higher correlations than others. Interestingly, the correlation was stronger (−0.241) when we repeated the analysis in a reduced dataset including the 10% most and least fertile individuals, where the latter showed an increase in average inbreeding values (FROH) of around 30%. We also found 41 genomic regions (ROHi, runs of homozygosity islands) where homozygosity increased 100-fold, 13 of which were significantly associated with fertility after cross-validation. These regions encompassed 17 candidate genes previously related to oocyte and embryo development in several species. Overall, we demonstrated the relationship between increased homozygosis at the genomic level and fertility in mares. Our findings may help to deal with the occurrence of inbreeding depression, as well as further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying fertility in mares. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/156291 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z The loss of genetic variability in livestock populations bred under strict selection processes is a growing concern, as it may lead to increased inbreeding values and lower fertility, as a consequence of the “inbreeding depression” effect. This is particularly important in horses, where inbreeding levels tend to rise as individuals become more and more closely related. In this study, we evaluated the effect of increased inbreeding levels on mare fertility by combining an SNP-based genomic approach using runs of homozygosity and the estimation of genetic breeding values for reproductive traits in a large population of Pura Raza Española mares. Our results showed a negative correlation between whole-genome homozygosity and fertility estimated breeding values (EBVs) at the genome level (ρ = −0.144). However, the analysis at chromosome level revealed a wide variability, with some chromosomes showing higher correlations than others. Interestingly, the correlation was stronger (−0.241) when we repeated the analysis in a reduced dataset including the 10% most and least fertile individuals, where the latter showed an increase in average inbreeding values (FROH) of around 30%. We also found 41 genomic regions (ROHi, runs of homozygosity islands) where homozygosity increased 100-fold, 13 of which were significantly associated with fertility after cross-validation. These regions encompassed 17 candidate genes previously related to oocyte and embryo development in several species. Overall, we demonstrated the relationship between increased homozygosis at the genomic level and fertility in mares. Our findings may help to deal with the occurrence of inbreeding depression, as well as further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying fertility in mares. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/155720 Articulo Influence of maternal educational level on child and adolescent nutritional status (La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina); Influência do nível de escolaridade materna no estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes (La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina) Runa; vol. 43, no. 2 En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre nivel educativo materno (NEM) y estado nutricional infantil y adolescente. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico en 3166 escolares de 3 a 14 años de La Plata (Buenos Aires) y, a partir del peso corporal, la talla y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), se determinaron categorías nutricionales. El NEM se indagó mediante la aplicación de una encuesta. La mayor parte de la población presentó estado nutricional saludable, aunque se observó un sesgo hacia el exceso de peso, independientemente del NEM. La talla fue la variable más informativa y diferenciadora de la población en relación con el NEM: los escolares cuyas madres tuvieron niveles educativos bajos mostraron tallas menores y mayor riesgo de padecerla, en tanto que el grupo con NEM alto exhibió tallas superiores y dimorfismo sexual. La mayor escolaridad materna parece redundar en un mejor crecimiento infantil a largo plazo.; This paper analyses the relationship between maternal educational level (MEL) and child and adolescent nutritional status. An anthropometric study was carried out on 3166 schoolchildren aged 3 to 14 years from La Plata (Buenos Aires) and nutritional categories were determined based on body weight, height and body mass index (BMI). The MEL was obtained by means of a survey. Most of the population presented healthy nutritional status, although a bias towards overweight was observed, regardless of the MEL. Height was the most informative and differentiating variable of the population in relation to the MEL: schoolchildren whose mothers had low educational levels showed smaller heights and higher risk of suffering from it, while the group with high MEL showed higher heights and sexual dimorphism. Higher maternal schooling seems to result in better child growth in the long run.; Este documento analisa a relação entre o nível educacional materno (NEM) e o estado nutricional da criança e do adolescente. Foi realizado um estudo antropométrico em 3166 alunos de 3 a 14 anos de idade em La Plata (Buenos Aires) e as categorias nutricionais foram determinadas com base no peso corporal, altura e índice de massa corporal (IMC). O NEM foi investigado por meio de uma pesquisa. A maioria da população apresentou um estado nutricional saudável, embora tenha sido observada uma tendência ao excesso de peso, independentemente do NEM. A altura era a variável mais informativa e diferenciadora da população em relação ao NEM: as crianças em idade escolar cujas mães tinham baixos níveis educacionais apresentavam alturas menores e maior risco de sofrer comisso, enquanto o grupo com alto NEM apresentava alturas maiores e dimorfismo sexual. Uma maior escolaridade materna parece resultar em um melhor crescimento infantil em longo prazo. Dossier: Antropología Biológica Fri, 01 Jul 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/155720 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre nivel educativo materno (NEM) y estado nutricional infantil y adolescente. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico en 3166 escolares de 3 a 14 años de La Plata (Buenos Aires) y, a partir del peso corporal, la talla y el índice de masa corporal (IMC), se determinaron categorías nutricionales. El NEM se indagó mediante la aplicación de una encuesta. La mayor parte de la población presentó estado nutricional saludable, aunque se observó un sesgo hacia el exceso de peso, independientemente del NEM. La talla fue la variable más informativa y diferenciadora de la población en relación con el NEM: los escolares cuyas madres tuvieron niveles educativos bajos mostraron tallas menores y mayor riesgo de padecerla, en tanto que el grupo con NEM alto exhibió tallas superiores y dimorfismo sexual. La mayor escolaridad materna parece redundar en un mejor crecimiento infantil a largo plazo. This paper analyses the relationship between maternal educational level (MEL) and child and adolescent nutritional status. An anthropometric study was carried out on 3166 schoolchildren aged 3 to 14 years from La Plata (Buenos Aires) and nutritional categories were determined based on body weight, height and body mass index (BMI). The MEL was obtained by means of a survey. Most of the population presented healthy nutritional status, although a bias towards overweight was observed, regardless of the MEL. Height was the most informative and differentiating variable of the population in relation to the MEL: schoolchildren whose mothers had low educational levels showed smaller heights and higher risk of suffering from it, while the group with high MEL showed higher heights and sexual dimorphism. Higher maternal schooling seems to result in better child growth in the long run. Este documento analisa a relação entre o nível educacional materno (NEM) e o estado nutricional da criança e do adolescente. Foi realizado um estudo antropométrico em 3166 alunos de 3 a 14 anos de idade em La Plata (Buenos Aires) e as categorias nutricionais foram determinadas com base no peso corporal, altura e índice de massa corporal (IMC). O NEM foi investigado por meio de uma pesquisa. A maioria da população apresentou um estado nutricional saudável, embora tenha sido observada uma tendência ao excesso de peso, independentemente do NEM. A altura era a variável mais informativa e diferenciadora da população em relação ao NEM: as crianças em idade escolar cujas mães tinham baixos níveis educacionais apresentavam alturas menores e maior risco de sofrer comisso, enquanto o grupo com alto NEM apresentava alturas maiores e dimorfismo sexual. Uma maior escolaridade materna parece resultar em um melhor crescimento infantil em longo prazo. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/155688 Articulo Animals; vol. 13, no. 10 The aim of this study was to characterize the RHU competencies according to the distance (short vs. long), causes of deaths, and associated risk factors. The studied population comprised 16,856 horses that participated in RHU rides from 2007 to 2018. During the entire period, there were 99 fatalities. The percentage of inexperienced horses and those who completed the ride was greater in short races than in long races. In both types of rides, more horses died during than after the ride, and inexperienced horses were more likely to be dead than horses with prior experience in the sport. Short rides were associated with increased risk of sudden death, while long rides were associated with increased risk of death due to metabolic alterations. Wed, 10 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/155688 2023-05-10T00:00:00Z The aim of this study was to characterize the RHU competencies according to the distance (short vs. long), causes of deaths, and associated risk factors. The studied population comprised 16,856 horses that participated in RHU rides from 2007 to 2018. During the entire period, there were 99 fatalities. The percentage of inexperienced horses and those who completed the ride was greater in short races than in long races. In both types of rides, more horses died during than after the ride, and inexperienced horses were more likely to be dead than horses with prior experience in the sport. Short rides were associated with increased risk of sudden death, while long rides were associated with increased risk of death due to metabolic alterations. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154716 Articulo Journal of Equine Veterinary Science; vol. 51 Between 30% and 50% of the horses that start international endurance events, over distances of 100–160 km, are eliminated at the vet gates, although elimination rates vary in the different geographical areas and race categories. Elimination rates appear to have increased over recent years, which is a source of concern for the sport’s ethics and image. Main reasons for elimination are lameness and metabolic disturbances, associated with dehydration and electrolyte disturbances, and with substrate depletion in active muscle fibers. Moreover, there are severe consequences of these metabolic derangements, including heat stroke, rhabdomyolysis, colic, kidney and liver insufficiency, laminitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The prevention starts with the selection of a fit, healthy horse, free of subclinical diseases. A proper training is one of the best and more secure ways to reduce the risk of these metabolic diseases. Considerations regarding the transport to the place of the event and acclimatization to the new environmental conditions (particularly if weather is hot and humid) should be taken into account. During competition, the control of fluid and electrolyte losses to avoid dehydration and heat accumulation, as well as the control of the substrate utilization to reduce muscle fibers depletion, are of pivotal importance. The management of race intensity is essential, and this can be done by obtaining the lactate aerobic threshold (lactate concentration of 2 mmol/L). Other strategies include ride management, according to the terrain and weather conditions, rider education to detect early signs of critical fatigue, and veterinary examinations. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154716 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Between 30% and 50% of the horses that start international endurance events, over distances of 100–160 km, are eliminated at the vet gates, although elimination rates vary in the different geographical areas and race categories. Elimination rates appear to have increased over recent years, which is a source of concern for the sport’s ethics and image. Main reasons for elimination are lameness and metabolic disturbances, associated with dehydration and electrolyte disturbances, and with substrate depletion in active muscle fibers. Moreover, there are severe consequences of these metabolic derangements, including heat stroke, rhabdomyolysis, colic, kidney and liver insufficiency, laminitis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The prevention starts with the selection of a fit, healthy horse, free of subclinical diseases. A proper training is one of the best and more secure ways to reduce the risk of these metabolic diseases. Considerations regarding the transport to the place of the event and acclimatization to the new environmental conditions (particularly if weather is hot and humid) should be taken into account. During competition, the control of fluid and electrolyte losses to avoid dehydration and heat accumulation, as well as the control of the substrate utilization to reduce muscle fibers depletion, are of pivotal importance. The management of race intensity is essential, and this can be done by obtaining the lactate aerobic threshold (lactate concentration of 2 mmol/L). Other strategies include ride management, according to the terrain and weather conditions, rider education to detect early signs of critical fatigue, and veterinary examinations. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154307 Articulo Pharmaceutics; vol. 14, no. 8 Liver inflammation represents a major clinical problem in a wide range of pathologies. Among the strategies to prevent liver failure, dexamethasone (DXM) has been widely used to suppress inflammatory responses. The use of nanocarriers for encapsulation and sustained release of glucocorticoids to liver cells could provide a solution to prevent severe side effects associated with systemic delivery as the conventional treatment regime. Here we describe a nanostructured lipid carrier developed to efficiently encapsulate and release DXM. This nano-formulation proved to be stable over time, did not interact in vitro with plasma opsonins, and was well tolerated by primary non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs). Released DXM preserved its pharmacological activity, as evidenced by inducing robust anti-inflammatory responses in NPCs. Taken together, nanostructured lipid carriers may constitute a reliable platform for the delivery of DXM to treat pathologies associated with chronic liver inflammation. Mon, 01 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154307 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z Liver inflammation represents a major clinical problem in a wide range of pathologies. Among the strategies to prevent liver failure, dexamethasone (DXM) has been widely used to suppress inflammatory responses. The use of nanocarriers for encapsulation and sustained release of glucocorticoids to liver cells could provide a solution to prevent severe side effects associated with systemic delivery as the conventional treatment regime. Here we describe a nanostructured lipid carrier developed to efficiently encapsulate and release DXM. This nano-formulation proved to be stable over time, did not interact in vitro with plasma opsonins, and was well tolerated by primary non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs). Released DXM preserved its pharmacological activity, as evidenced by inducing robust anti-inflammatory responses in NPCs. Taken together, nanostructured lipid carriers may constitute a reliable platform for the delivery of DXM to treat pathologies associated with chronic liver inflammation. http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154159 Articulo Foodborne Pathogens and Disease; vol. 13, no. 3 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens, and beef cattle are recognized as the principal reservoir. The aims of this study were (1) to identify the most sensitive combination of selective enrichment broths and agars for STEC isolation in artificially inoculated ground beef samples, and (2) to evaluate the most efficient combination(s) of methods for naturally contaminated ground beef samples. A total of 192 ground beef samples were artificially inoculated with STEC and non-stx bacterial strains. A combination of four enrichment broths and three agars were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for STEC isolation from experimentally inoculated samples. Enrichments with either modified tryptic soy broth (mTSB) containing 8mg/L novobiocin (mTSB-8) or modified Escherichia coli (mEC) broth followed by isolation in MacConkey agar were the most sensitive combinations for STEC isolation of artificially inoculated samples. Independently, both enrichments media followed by isolation in MacConkey were used to evaluate ground beef samples from 43 retail stores, yielding 65.1% and 58.1% stx-positive samples by RT-PCR, respectively. No difference was observed in the isolate proportions between these two methods (8/25 [32%] and 8/28 [28.6%]). Identical serotypes and stx genotypes were observed in STEC strains isolated from the same samples by either method. In this study, no single enrichment protocol was sufficient to detect all STEC in artificially inoculated samples and had considerable variation in detection ability with naturally contaminated samples. Moreover, none of the single or combinations of multiple isolation agars used were capable of identifying all STEC serogroups in either artificially inoculated or naturally occurring STEC-contaminated ground beef. Therefore, it may be prudent to conclude that there is no single method or combination of isolation methods capable of identifying all STEC serogroups. Fri, 01 Jan 2016 00:00:00 GMT http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar:80/handle/10915/154159 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are foodborne pathogens, and beef cattle are recognized as the principal reservoir. The aims of this study were (1) to identify the most sensitive combination of selective enrichment broths and agars for STEC isolation in artificially inoculated ground beef samples, and (2) to evaluate the most efficient combination(s) of methods for naturally contaminated ground beef samples. A total of 192 ground beef samples were artificially inoculated with STEC and non-stx bacterial strains. A combination of four enrichment broths and three agars were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for STEC isolation from experimentally inoculated samples. Enrichments with either modified tryptic soy broth (mTSB) containing 8mg/L novobiocin (mTSB-8) or modified Escherichia coli (mEC) broth followed by isolation in MacConkey agar were the most sensitive combinations for STEC isolation of artificially inoculated samples. Independently, both enrichments media followed by isolation in MacConkey were used to evaluate ground beef samples from 43 retail stores, yielding 65.1% and 58.1% stx-positive samples by RT-PCR, respectively. No difference was observed in the isolate proportions between these two methods (8/25 [32%] and 8/28 [28.6%]). Identical serotypes and stx genotypes were observed in STEC strains isolated from the same samples by either method. In this study, no single enrichment protocol was sufficient to detect all STEC in artificially inoculated samples and had considerable variation in detection ability with naturally contaminated samples. Moreover, none of the single or combinations of multiple isolation agars used were capable of identifying all STEC serogroups in either artificially inoculated or naturally occurring STEC-contaminated ground beef. Therefore, it may be prudent to conclude that there is no single method or combination of isolation methods capable of identifying all STEC serogroups.