Análisis de la capacidad de fotoprotección de una pantalla solar distribuida por una entidad oficial

Abstract

La exposición indiscriminada a la radiación solar ultravioleta conduce a la generación de diversas patologías agudas y crónicas. Su mayor carga de morbilidad se debe a cataratas corticales, melanomas cutáneos malignos y quemaduras solares. El Ministerio de Salud de la Nación provee y coordina acciones de prevención, protección y educación ante los riesgos de la sobre exposición al sol. En este trabajo se analiza la capacidad fotoprotectora de una pantalla solar provista por el Ministerio de Salud Pública de Salta. A través de la determinación de su índice UPF y fotoestabilidad, por el método de transmitancia y espectroscopía FTIR, se caracterizó la pantalla solar como muy buen protector inicialmente aunque su pobre fotoestabilidad hace que ese rótulo cambie a buen protector en un período inferior a dos horas. Se constató que también presenta protección UVA contra el fotoenvejecimiento prematuro.

The indiscriminate exhibition to the solar radiation leads to the generation of diverse sharp and chronic pathologies, for action of the ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The biggest morbility load caused by the UVR is due to the cortical waterfalls, the wicked cutaneous melanoma and the solar burns. The Ministry of Health of the Argentine Nation is the responsible one of to provide and to coordinate actions of prevention, protection and education of the community in the face of the risks of the envelope exhibition in the sun. In this work the capacity photo protective of a solar screen is analyzed provided the population by the Ministry of Public Health of the Salta Province. The analysis methodology is based on the determination of the index UPF and the photo stability of the same one. This characterization is carried out in vitro, starting from the mensuration of transmittance of the irradiated sample, and for FTIR spectroscopy that determines the active components responsible for the blocking effect of the photo protector, besides the structural changes that happen during its degradation for direct exhibition in the sun. Starting from these studies the solar screen is characterized initially as very good solar protector although its poor photo stability makes that label changes to single good solar protector in an inferior period at two hours. It was also verified that it presents UVA protection against the premature photo aging.