Inventario de Perspectiva Temporal de Zimbardo: Adaptación en estudiantes de nivel medio de Buenos Aires

Abstract

El objetivo del trabajo fue adaptar el Inventario de Perspectiva Temporal de Zimbardo a estudiantes de nivel medio de Buenos Aires. Se trabajo con 320 estudiantes de Buenos Aires (47.2% mujeres, 52.8% hombres; M edad =16.95, DE edad = 1.05). Se recolectaron datos con una encuesta de datos sociodemograficos y academicos y con el Inventario de Perspectiva Temporal de Zimbardo. Mediante un analisis de componentes principales con rotacion Varimax se aislo una estructura de cuatro dimensiones ( KMO = .80; Bartlett: X 2 = 2567.88; 561 gl ) que explico el 37.95% de la varianza total. Se etiquetaron las dimensiones como pasado negativo, presente hedonista, futuro y presente fatalista. Se estimo la consistencia interna mediante el calculo de alfas de Cronbach, en donde se encontraron valores excelentes para pasado negativo (α = .80) y presente hedonista (α = .78), y adecuados para futuro (α = .68) y presente fatalista (α = .63). Se hallaron evidencias de validez de criterio en relacion con informacion academica en el pasado (repitencia), presente (adeudar materias) y futuro (proyectos al egreso). Se calcularon percentiles para la evaluacion individual del inventario. Se concluye que se ha elaborado un instrumento disenado para evaluar estudiantes locales. Futuras investigaciones deberan continuar examinando la estructura dado que difiere de la propuesta en la version original.

The aim of this study was to adapt the Zimbardo Inventory Time Perspective for high-school students from Buenos Aires. Participants were 320 students from Buenos Aires (47.2% female, 52.8% male, Mage = 16.95, DEage = 1.05). Data were collected with a survey of socio-demographic and academic data, and the Zimbardo Inventory Time Perspective. By means of a principal component analysis with Varimax rotation a four structure dimensions was found (KMO = .80; Bartlett: X2 = 2567.88; 561df) which accounted for 37.95% of the total variance. The dimensions were labeled as negative past, hedonistic present, future and present fatalistic. Internal consistency was estimated by calculating Cronbach alphas, finding excellent values for negative past (α = .80) and hedonistic present (α = .78), and suitable for future (α = .68) and fatalistic present (α = .63). Criterion validity evidence regarding academic information in the past (repetition), present (debiting materials) and future (projects at discharge) were found. Percentiles for individual assessment of the inventory were calculated. It is conclude that an instrument designed to assess local students was elaborated. Future research should continue to examine the structure as it differs from the proposal in the original version.