Operadores de la justicia, operadores educativos y control social

Abstract

Si lo que se busca es que el "deber ser" jurídico o ético no esté tan distanciado de lo que existe en la práctica, hay que declarar que mientras no varíen los patrones culturales, no valen cambios de normas oficiales o fantasías de represiones infalibles. La subordinación cultural a contextos políticos y jurídicos internacionales y a realidades tecnológicas que difícilmente se ajusten a normas locales, complica el panorama. Si se analizan los marcos actualmente en juego, se notan uno general, occidental, y otro latinoamericano o nacional. El general puede resumirse en "figurar y enriquecerse como modelo excluyente de vida". El componente nacional es una anomia de base que arrastramos por tres siglos y que no ha sido superada. De allí que no sea extraño que la ética profesional en las más variadas actividades sea cada vez menos practicada. Las reglas del mercado, sumadas a la supervivencia darwiniana, y al descontrol normativo, justifican casi todo. Y el que no cumpla estas normas operativas, quedará fuera del sistema. La educación puede ser una de las claves para revertir esta situación, pero no cual-quier educación, sino aquella que ponga a la economía en su lugar, como un medio para la vida material, y valorice las reglas éticas. La Justicia es parte del conjunto. Se critica el control social como concepto mismo y se lo confunde con dictaduras y con represiones: simplemente son sistemas normativos sancionados para ser respetados, y que no deben tener, como hoy tienen, sólo el papel de ser sancionadas e incumplidas, porque nadie se considera capaz o no cumple con lo suyo.

In the real world, there is a wide gap between the legal or ethical "should be" and the actual practice. Therefore, it is necessary to declare that unless the cultural patterns change, the official regulations or the never failing utopian repressions, are useless. The cultural subordination to international political and legal contexts and also to the technological realities which hardly ever coincide with local regulations, blur the overall picture. When the actual frameworks are analysed, two different paradigms are observed. On the one hand, the General, Western One versus the Latin American or National One. The General or Western paradigm can be summed up as: "Rising in the social scale, playing an important role in society and becoming rich" as the only model for life. The National paradigm is characterized by three centuries of degradation and/ or lack of laws. This process has not yet been overcome. It is not surprising, then, that as time goes by, the professional Ethics of almost any activity, is less put into practice. The rules of the market plus Darwin's survival of the fittest, and the lack of regulatory systems, justify almost anything. And anyone who does not comply with these working rules, will be left out of the system. Education should be one of the keys to change this situation. It should not only be any kind of education, but also one which pursues Ethical Rules and Justice, leaving the economy in its right place, as a means for everyday life. The concept of different Social Controls has been criticized and associated with tiranny and repression. Social Controls are mere regulatory systems to be observed which should not become the law of the country, and finally turn into laws which are never fulfilled, either because nobody considers himself capable or does his share.