La(s) violencia(s) y la democracia como conceptos co-dependientes: el caso argentino

Abstract

Se estudia el caso argentino para problematizar y conceptualizar las relaciones entre violencia, Estado y democracia en diferentes momentos históricos. Se proponen utilizar los conceptos teóricos de "umbral de inteligibilidad histórica" y la distinción entre violencia sistémica, simbólica y subjetiva. Se concluye que después de 1983 existe poca violencia subjetiva en comparación con otros períodos históricos debido a la emergencia de umbrales que fueron articulando lo estatal, nacional, lo popular y lo democrático para procesar políticamente las violencias. Se señalan otras variables emergen limitando este proceso, pero se recalca la necesidad de dar visibilidad a las violencias sistémicas y de su procesamiento en la vida democráticas.

The argentine case is studied in order to rethink and to conceptualize the relations between violence, State and democracy through history. It is proposed the concepts of “threshold of historical intelligibility” and the distinction of systematic, symbolic and subjective violence. It is concluded that after 1983 the subjective violence diminishes if is compared this period with previous ones. It is due to the emergency of thresholds that were articulating meanings and affections about the state, the national, the popular and the democratic. These were articulated to process politically the violence. In spite of that, other variables are emerging and frustrating this process. There is noticed the need to give visibility to the systemic violence and his processing in the democratic life of communities.