We identified two types of human enamel, radial (outer) and with bands (inner), both with a defined organization that determines a different functional behaviour. That is why it is interesting to relate enamel types to their microhardness and chemical composition. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition by using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectometry (EDS) analysis and Vickers microhardness testing in both types of enamel.