In Spanish
El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar los resultados de un estudio realizado en el marco de la teoría de la Mente Mediada (Nelson, 1996, 2007) y del Modelo del Lenguaje en Uso (Tomasello, 2003) y que permite reflexionar respecto de las estrategias de intervención apropiadas para favorecer el desarrollo de la comprensión de cuentos en niños pequeños. Una dificultad que se plantea para el estudio del desarrollo de la comprensión lectora es la de determinar y delimitar los diversos procesos que ésta involucra (Bianco, Megherbi, Sénéchal & Colé, 2014). Asimismo se intenta determinar cuáles son las relaciones durante el curso del desarrollo entre los diversos componentes involucrados (decodificación, identificación de palabras, vocabulario, morfología, análisis sintáctico y semántico de oraciones, inferencias) y cómo estos se relacionan con factores no verbales (eficiencia cognitiva, memoria de trabajo), motivación experiencia, enseñanza.
In English
The aim of this paper is to present the results of a study to reflect on the appropriate intervention strategies to promote the development of narrative comprehension in young children. 135 Spanish-speaking children of 3, 4 and 5 years-old of different socioeconomic background participated in this study. Four accounts of fiction and a standardized test of receptive vocabulary (Dunn & Dunn, 1986) were administered. Three comprehension questions for each story were also created. The observed results indicates that although the performance of children varies depending on age and Socioeconomic level, so does depending on the type of story -related or not to a script- and the type of input that the story provides. From these data, it was generated a scale depending on the age of the children for the selection of the stories in the classroom. Furthermore, the results show the importance of the systematic work in the classroom because of the crucial role of the experience in the narrative child development. They also helped identify a set of guidelines on the educational task in relation to the selection and progression of texts.